Table 1.
The past studies on Alzheimer’s disease and COVID-19 infection and mortality rate or disease progression and other major findings.
| Epidemiological investigation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Author | The title of the paper | Published journal | Date of publication |
| Matias-Guiu JA,et al | Death Rate Due to COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia. | J Alzheimers Dis. | 2020 |
| Daugherty AM, et al | COVID-19 as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia: A perspective from Detroit, MI | Psychiatry Res. | 2020 |
| Li J, et al | Resilience of Alzheimer’s Disease to COVID-19 | J Alzheimers Dis. | 2020 |
| Wang Q, et al | COVID-19 and dementia: Analyses of risk, disparity, and outcomes from electronic health records in the US. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 |
| Zhang Q, et al | COVID-19 Case Fatality and Alzheimer’s Disease. | J Alzheimers Dis. | 2021 |
| Zhou J, et al | Cognitive disorders associated with hospitalization of COVID-19: Results from an observational cohort study. | Brain Behav Immun | 2021 |
| Harrison SL, et al | Associations between COVID-19 and 30-day thromboembolic events and mortality in people with dementia receiving antipsychotic medications | Pharmacol Res. | 2021 |
| Manzo C, et al | Could COVID-19 anosmia and olfactory dysfunction trigger an increased risk of future dementia in patients with ApoE4? | Med Hypotheses | 2021 |
| Burns A, et al | COVID-19 and dementia: experience from six European countries. | Int J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2021 |
| Wang Y, et al | Preexisting Mental Disorders Increase the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Associated Mortality. | Front Public Health | 2021 |
| Tahira AC, et al | Dementia is an age-independent risk factor for severity and death in COVID-19 inpatients. | Alzheimers Dement | 2021 |
| Pan AP,et al | SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility and COVID-19 Mortality Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Cross-Sectional Analysis From Hospital Records in a Diverse US Metropolitan Area. | Front Neurol | 2021 |
| Wang L, et al | Association of COVID-19 with New-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease | J Alzheimers Dis | 2022 |
| Zhang H, et al | COVID-19 and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis | Ann Clin Transl Neurol. | 2022 |
| Li C, et al | COVID-19 and risk of neurodegenerative disorders: A Mendelian randomization study. | Transl Psychiatry | 2022 |
| Chung SJ, et al | Association of Alzheimer’s Disease with COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severe Complications: A Nationwide Cohort Study | J Alzheimers Dis. | 2022 |
| Apple AC, et al | Risk factors and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid associate with cognitive symptoms after mild COVID-19. | Ann Clin Transl Neurol | 2022 |
| Wang Y,et al | Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection among patients with Alzheimer’s disease or mild cognitive impairment. | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 |
| Li S, et al | Excess deaths from Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA | Age Ageing | 2022 |
| Gilstrap L, et al | Trends in Mortality Rates Among Medicare Enrollees With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Before and During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. | JAMA Neurol | 2022 |
| Zerbo O, et al | Population-based assessment of risks for severe COVID-19 disease outcomes. | Influenza Other Respir Viruses | 2022 |
| Baranova A, et al | Causal effect of COVID-19 on Alzheimer’s disease: A Mendelian randomization study | J Med Virol | 2023 |
| Mechanisms | |||
| Author | The title of the paper | Published journal | Date of publication |
| Ding Q, et al | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is upregulated in Alzheimer’s disease brain. | bioRxiv | 2020 |
| Xiong N, et al | Severe COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s disease: APOE4’s fault again? | Alzheimers Res Ther | 2021 |
| Magusali N, et al | A genetic link between risk for Alzheimer’s disease and severe COVID-19 outcomes via the OAS1 gene. | Brain | 2021 |
| Finelli C | Metabolic Syndrome, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Covid 19: A Possible Correlation. | Curr Alzheimer Res | 2021 |
| Poloni TE, et al | COVID-19-related neuropathology and microglial activation in elderly with and without dementia. | Brain Pathol | 2021 |
| Chiricosta L, et al | SARS-CoV-2 Exacerbates Beta-Amyloid Neurotoxicity, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients | Int J Mol Sci. | 2021 |
| MacIntosh BJ, et al | Brain structure and function in people recovering from COVID-19 after hospital discharge or self-isolation: a longitudinal observational study protocol | CMAJ Open. | 2021 |
| Wang H, et al | Possible immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease in COVID-19 patients. | Clin Neurol Neurosurg. | 2021 |
| Kas A, et al | The cerebral network of COVID-19-related encephalopathy: a longitudinal voxel-based 18F-FDG-PET study | Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging | 2021 |
| Zhou Y, et al | Network medicine links SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection to brain microvascular injury and neuroinflammation in dementia-like cognitive impairment. | Alzheimers Res Ther | 2021 |
| Sindona C, et al | NOX2 Activation in COVID-19: Possible Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Medicina (Kaunas) | 2021 |
| Reiken S, et al | Alzheimer’s-like signaling in brains of COVID-19 patients | Alzheimers Dement | 2022 |
| Fu Y, et al | Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals the shared mechanisms inducing cognitive impairment between COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s disease. | Front Immunol. | 2022 |
| Koźmiński P, et al | New Imaging Modality of COVID-19 Pneumonia Developed on the Basis of Alzheimer’s Disease Research. | Int J Mol Sci. | 2022 |
| Zhang H, et al | APOE interacts with ACE2 inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry and inflammation in COVID-19 patients. | Signal Transduct Target Ther | 2022 |
| Denaro CA, et al | COVID-19 and neurodegeneration: The mitochondrial connection. | Aging Cell | 2022 |
| Wang Y, et al | The Golgi apparatus: Site for convergence of COVID-19 brain fog and Alzheimer’s disease? | Mol Neurodegener | 2022 |
| Ziff OJ, et al | Amyloid processing in COVID-19-associated neurological syndromes | J Neurochem | 2022 |
| Qiu S, et al | A genome-wide cross-trait analysis highlights the shared genetic structure between COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s disease. | J Infect | 2022 |
| Ostendorf BN, et al | Common human genetic variants of APOE impact murine COVID-19 mortality. | Nature | 2022 |
| Nuovo GJ, et al | The amplification of CNS damage in Alzheimer’s disease due to SARS-CoV2 infection. | Ann Diagn Pathol | 2022 |
| Wang F, et al | Analysis and Identification Genetic Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infections to Alzheimer’s Disease Patients by Integrated Bioinformatics | J Alzheimers Dis | 2022 |
| Green R, et al | SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the gene expression profile for Alzheimer’s disease risk. | Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev | 2022 |
| Onisiforou A, et al | Systems Bioinformatics Reveals Possible Relationship between COVID-19 and the Development of Neurological Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. | Viruses | 2022 |