|
Synthetic polymers
|
| Polyethylene glycol (PEG) |
Tissue adhesion |
Carrier for therapeutic agents |
Expensive; risk of residue |
[64,210,211] |
| Polyurethane |
Platelet aggregation; coagulation initiator |
Antibacterial agent |
Slow biodegradation; poor biocompatibility; long polymerization time |
[212-214] |
|
Natural polymers
|
| Collagen and gelatin |
Platelet activation |
Promotes cell growth and proliferation |
Poor resistance to degradation; risk of immune response |
[7,124,183,184,200] |
| Fibrinogen, fibrin |
Blood clot formation; platelet aggregation |
Revascularization; promotes epidermal thickness; promotes fibroblast and fibrocyte proliferation |
Expensive; risk of immune response |
[185-187] |
| Hyaluronic acid |
Tissue adhesion |
Wound moisture; promotes fibroblast migration and collagen deposition |
Expensive; difficult to remove |
[186,188-190] |
| Cellulose |
Platelet aggregation; coagulation factor activation |
Antibacterial agent |
Slow biodegradation |
[191-193] |
| Chitosan |
Platelet and blood cell adhesion and aggregation |
Antibacterial agent; promotes granulation tissue formation; promotes fibroblast proliferation |
Poor biocompatibility; slow degradation |
[194-198] |
| Alginate |
Tissue adhesion |
Wound moisture; promotes tissue granulation and fibroblast proliferation |
Low mechanical strength and chemical stability |
[53,55,199] |
| Curcumin |
Immuno-regulator |
Antibacterial agent; anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; anti-carcinogenic |
Poor bioavailability and absorption; chemical instability |
[215-218] |
|
Metal-containing materials
|
| Silver (Ag) |
Platelet activation |
Antibacterial agent |
No biodegradation; difficult to remove; |
[68,219-222] |
| Zinc (Zn) |
Blood cell aggregation |
Antibacterial agent; epithelization; revascularization; promotes cell proliferation |
toxic at high concentrations |
[68,174,190,216] |
| Iron (Fe) |
Blood cell aggregation; thrombin stabilizer |
Revascularization |
|
[40,68,171,215,219] |
| Cerium (Ce) |
Blood cell aggregation |
Anti-inflammatory |
|
[223-225] |
| Gold (Au) |
Phagocytosis |
Enzymatic activity modulation, anti-carcinogen |
|
[226-228] |
