Table 5.
Reports of nutrients involved in mitigating stress in plant.
| Types of nutrients | Crop | Impact on plant | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen | Winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) | Application of nitrogen in winter rapeseed in water logging can avoid the degradation of photosynthetic pigments and ultimately the dry matter accumulation is enhanced | Men et al., 2020 |
| calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and tricyclazole | Canola | Application of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and tricyclazole in water logging conditions can enhance the dry weight of plants along with the length of shoots and roots were increased | Habibzadeh et al., 2013 |
| Phosphorus | Wheat | The application of phosphorus in a waterlogged condition is able to increase root establishment and growth under water stress conditions. | Ahmed et al., 2018 |
| Potash | Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) |
Application of potash in water logging conditions in plants can show improved growth of plants, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, and photosynthetic capacity. It also enhances the uptalking capacity of nutrients in waterlogged plants | Ashraf et al., 2011 |
| Rice | In water logging, condition higher concentration of K showed improved photosynthetic pigments, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) contents, and higher activities of antioxidant as well as reduces the activity of lipid peroxidation in waterlogged rice. | Hasanuzzaman et al., 2018 | |
| CR urea | Wheat | According to one research in Australia, it was revealed that the application of Controlled Released urea can avoid waterlogging effects of wheat, and grain yield is increased by approximately 20% | Manik et al., 2019 |
| FYM | Application of farmyard manure in waterlogging conditions can enhance grain Fe, Zn, and Cu concentration of paddy which is essential to prevent water stress in plant | Masunaga and Marques Fong, 2018 | |
| Boron | Maize | According to research, it was found that Foliar application of boron can able to improve plant growth and mitigate the deleterious effect of maize under waterlogging | Sayed, 1998 |
| Calcium | Rice-Rape rotation field | In Waterlogging condition of rice–rapeseed rotation field production of rapeseed was particularly reduced and it can be mitigated by the application of Calcium peroxide which after reacting with water releases oxygen, which can serve as an excellent supply of oxygen in redox zone. | Wang et al., 2022 |
| Sulphur | Peach | Application of Hydrogen Sulfide (sulfur source) in waterlogging conditions can reduce the damage occured in Peach Seedlings by improving the activities of antioxidation and reducing Ethylene Synthesis | Xiao et al., 2020 |
| Calcium | Pepper | Application of Ca2+ in pepper plants improve the photosynthetic capacity, and root growth, and ultimately the biomass is increased in water logging condition along with enhanced antioxidant enzyme and alcohol dehydrogenase activities. | Yang et al., 2016 |