Table 3.

Summary of effect size (R2 coefficient and Cohen d) on puff duration by device power, e-liquid nicotine concentration, and nicotine (cigarette and ENDS^a) use history.

Factors			R2 coefficient		Cohen db
Device power			0.069		0.573c
Nicotine concentration			0.060		N/Ad
Cigarette smoking history			0.005		N/A
Years of ENDS use			0.054
	>10 years versus 6 months to 1 year			0.814
	1-5 years versus 6 months to 1 year			0.676

^aENDS: electronic nicotine delivery system.

^bOnly medium to large effect size (Cohen d≥0.5) is presented.

^cMedium power versus high power.

^d“N/A” denotes “not applicable” or small effect size (Cohen d <0.5).