Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 6;8(7):6139–6163. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06843

Table 3. Progress of the Photovoltaic Performances of DSSCs Using Various Redox Electrolytes under Simulated 1-Sun (Standard AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm–2) Conditions.

redox shuttle (electrolyte composition) sensitizer (type) counter electrode catalyst reported efficiency (Voc, Jsc, FF) year, ref
I3–/I– (1.0 M DMII, 50 mM LiI, 30 mM I2, 1.0 M TBP, 0.1 M GNCS in the mixture of ACN and VN (85/15)) C106 (Ru complex) + CDCA (coadsorbent) Pt 11.7% (0.758 V, 19.78 mA cm–2, 0.779) 2010, Yu et al.68
I3–/I– (0.6 M DMPII, 0.05 M I2, 0.1 M LiI and 0.4 M TBP in ACN) Black dye (Ru complex) + Y1 (coadsorbent) Pt 11.4% (0.743 V, 21.3 mA cm–2, 0.770) 2012, Han et al.69
I3–/I– (0.1 M LiI, 0.05 M I2, 0.6 M PMII and 0.5 M TBP in ACN) XW61 (D−π–A structure, organic and porphyrin dye linked with nonconjugated bridging group) + CDCA (coadsorbent) Pt 12.4% (0.775 V, 21.41 mA cm–2, 0.747) 2020, Zeng et al.10
Co3+/Co2+ (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](BCN4)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](BCN4)3, 0.1 M LiClO4, and 0.8 M TBP in ACN) SGT-021 (porphyrin, D−π–A structure) + HC-A4 (coadsorbent) Pt 12.1% (0.910 V, 17.50 mA cm–2, 0.753) 2016, Kang et al.4
Co3+/Co2+ (0.25 M [Co2+(bpy)3](TFSI)2, 0.06 M [Co3+(bpy)3](TFSI)3, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.5 M TBP in ACN) SGT-021 (porphyrin, D−π–A structure) + HC-A1 (coadsorbent) Pt 12.6% (0.849 V, 19.2 mA cm–2, 0.768) 2019, Zhou et.al.77
Co3+/Co2+ (0.25 M [Co2+(bpy)3](TFSI)2, 0.06 M [Co3+(bpy)3](TFSI)3, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.5 M TBP in ACN) SM315 (porphyrin, D−π–A structure) + CDCA (coadsorbent) graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) 13.0% (0.91 V, 18.1 mA cm–2, 0.78) 2014, Mathew et al.105
Co3+/Co2+ (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)3, 0.1 M LiClO4, and 0.8 M TBP in ACN) SM315 (porphyrin, D−π–A structure) + CDCA (coadsorbent) N and S codoped mesoporous carbons 12.72% (0.893 V, 18.78 mA cm–2, 0.759) 2017, Kim et al.170
    Pt 12.23% (0.873 V, 19.17 mA cm–2, 0.731)  
Co3+/Co2+ (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)3, 0.1 M LiClO4, and 0.85 M TBP in ACN) ZL003 (organic, D−π–A structure) + CDCA (coadsorbent) Pt 13.6% (0.956 V, 20.73 mA cm–2, 0.69) 2019, Zhang et al.171
Co3+/Co2+ (0.20 M [Co2+(phen)3](PF6–)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(phen)3](PF6–)3, 0.07 M LiClO4, 0.02 M NaClO4, 0.03 M TBAPF, 0.01 M TBPPF, 0.01 M HMImPF, 0.30 M TBP, 0.10 M TMSP, 0.10 M MP, 0.05 M CPrBP, 0.10 M CPeBP, and 0.05 M COcBP in ACN) ADEKA-1 + LEG4 (organic D−π–A structure) Au/graphene nanoplatelet 14.3% (1.013 V, 18.36 mA cm–2, 0.754) 2015, Kakiage et al.11
Co3+/Co2+ (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](B(CN)4)3, 0.1 M LiClO4, and 0.8 M TBP in ACN) SGT-137 (organic D−π–A structure) + HC-A1 (coadsorbent) Pt 12.45% (0.884 V, 18.37 mA cm–2, 0.767) 2017, Yom et al.5
  SGT-137 (organic D−π–A structure) + HC-A1 (coadsorbent)//SGT-021 (porphyrin D−π–A structure) + HC-A4 (coadsorbent)   parallel tandem cell 14.64% (0.878 V, 22.06 mA cm–2, 0.756)  
Co3+/Co2+ (0.25 M [Co2+(bpy)3](TFSI)2, 0.10 M [Co3+(bpy)3](TFSI)3, 0.1 M TBP, and 0.1 M LiTFSI in ACN) Blue dye, R6 (organic D−π–A structure) Pt 12.6% (0.850 V, 19.69 mA cm–2, 0.754) 2018, Ren et al.80
Co3+/Co2+ (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](TFSI)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](TFSI)3, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.8 M TBP in ACN) SGT-149 (organic D−π–A structure) + SGT-021 (porphyrin D−π–A structure) + HC-A1 (coadsorbent) Pt 14.2% (0.919 V, 21.06 mA cm–2, 0.734) 2020, Ji et al.9
Co3+/Co2+/TPEA (0.22 M [Co2+(bpy)3](PF6)2, 0.05 M [Co3+(bpy)3](PF6)3, 0.1 M LiClO4, 0.2 M TBP, and 0.1 M TPEA in ACN) AQ310 (organic D–A−π–A structure) PEDOT 11.0% (0.950 V, 15.5 mA cm–2, 0.745) 2018, Hao et al.114
Cu2+/Cu+ (0.09 M [Cu2+(tmby)2](TFSI)2, 0.20 M [Cu+(tmby)2]TFSI, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.6 M NMB in ACN) Y123 + XY1b (organic D−π–A structure) + CDCA (coadsorbent) PEDOT 13.1% (1.05 V, 15.74 mA cm–2, 0.79) 2018, Cao et al.12
Cu2+/Cu+ (0.2 M [Cu+(tmby)2] (TFSI), 0.09 M [Cu2+(tmby)2](TFSI)2, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.6 M NMB in ACN) R7 + Y123 (organic D−π–A structure) PEDOT 12.7% (1.04 V, 16.15 mA cm–2, 0.761) 2020, Ren et al.172
Cu2+/Cu+ (0.2 M [Cu+(tmby)2]TFSI, 0.1 M [Cu2+(tmby)2](TFSI)2, 0.1 M LiTFSI, and 0.6 M NMB in ACN) MS5 + XY1b (organic, D−π–A structure) + CDCA (coadsorbent) PEDOT 13.5% (1.05 V, 15.84 mA cm–2, 0.813) 2021, Zhang et al.8
Cu2+/Cu+ (0.16 M [Cu+(tmby)2]TFSI, 0.08 M [Cu2+(tmby)2](TFSI)2, 0.1 M NaTFSI, and 0.45 M CEMI in ACN) SL9 + SL10 (organic, D−π–A structure) + BPHA (preadsorbent) PEDOT 15.2% (1.04 V, 17.8 mA cm–2, 0.821) 2022, Ren et al.29