Fig. 3.

Participants’ responses to “Friends and family” and “Recreation” quality of life topics between the Immediate vs. Delayed Work Groups and across Therapeutic Workplace phases defined by participants’ access to paid work and the presence of abstinence-reinforcement contingencies. All data are presented as the least-squares means (± 1 standard error) from the multivariate model constructed for each endpoint. Within each panel, letters indicate statistically significant (p < .05) post-hoc pairwise differences: a, difference between groups within phase; b, different from Waitlist for Immediate Work Group; c, different from Waitlist for Delayed Work Group; d, different from Induction for Delayed Work Group. Opi, opiate urinalysis contingency; Opi+Coc, opiate and cocaine urinalysis contingencies.