Table 3.
Configuration and ECMO Maximal Settings During Support, Complications, and Short-Term Outcomes of VVECMO for Five Consecutive Patients with COVID-19 ARDS
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Total/median (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECMO Configuration | 25RFV–21RIJ | 25RFV–21RIJ | 25RFV–23RIJ | 25RFV–21RIJ | 25RFV–22RIJ | — |
| RPM | 6600 | 2405 | 2570 | 2568 | 3200 | — |
| Blood flow (L/min) | 6 | 3.5 | 4 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 4 (1.85) |
| Sweep gas (L/min) | 2 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 4 (3.5) |
| FDO2 (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 (0) |
| Use of heparin | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 5/5 |
| Hemorrhage | No | Yes* | No | Yes† | No | 2/5 |
| Thrombosis | Yes‡ | Yes§ | No | No | No | 2/5 |
| Circuit change | No | No | No | No | No | 0/5 |
| Infection Bacteremia Pneumonia |
No Yes |
No Yes |
No No |
No No |
Yes Yes |
1/5 3/5 |
| Pneumothorax | No | No | No | No | No | 0/5 |
| Reintubation | No | No | No | No | No | 0/5 |
| Tracheostomy | No | No | No | No | No | 0/5 |
| Dialysis | No | No | No | No | No | 0/5 |
| Duration of MV | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 13 | 4 (8) |
| Duration of ECMO | 3 | 12 | 5 | 23 | 21 | 12 (18) |
| ICU LOS | 8 | 25 | 9 | 28 | 38 | 25 (24.5) |
| Hospital LOS | 14 | 56 | 19 | 51 | 52 | 51 (37.5) |
Results in absolute values or median (interquartile range).
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; FDO2, fraction of delivered oxygen; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; L/min, liters per minute; LIJ, left internal jugular vein; LOS, length of stay; MV, mechanical ventilation; RFV, right femoral vein; RIJ, right internal jugular vein; RPM, revolutions per minute; VVECMO, venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
*Left femoral arterial-line site bleeding requiring surgical repair.
†Retroperitoneal hematoma.
‡Postdecannulation right internal jugular deep vein thrombosis.
§Postdecannulation right internal jugular and femoral vein deep vein thrombosis.