Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in the molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir–ritonavir, and control groups
| Molnupiravir (n=563) | Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (n=242) | Control (n=3787) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 80·7 (12·5) | 78·2 (14·2) | 78·7 (14·6) | 0·0058 | |
| 18–65 | 69 (12·3%) | 34 (14·1%) | 564 (14·9%) | .. | |
| >65 | 494 (87·7%) | 208 (86·0%) | 3223 (85·1%) | 0·25 | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 247 (43·9%) | 104 (43·0%) | 1647 (43·5%) | .. | |
| Male | 316 (56·1%) | 138 (57·0%) | 2140 (56·5%) | 0·97 | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 6·0 (2·0) | 5·4 (1·8) | 5·8 (2·1) | 0·0004 | |
| 0–6 | 351 (62·3%) | 183 (75·6%) | 2537 (67·0%) | 0·0012 | |
| 7–15 | 212 (37·7%) | 59 (24·4%) | 1250 (33·0%) | .. | |
| Imported cases | 0 | 1 (0·4%) | 1 (<0·1%) | NA | |
| Immunocompromised* | 73 (13·0%) | 35 (14·5%) | 401 (10·6%) | 0·057 | |
| Fully vaccinated† | 5 (0·9%) | 11 (4·5%) | 145 (3·8%) | 0·0038 | |
| Concomitant treatments initiated on the day of admission | |||||
| Remdesivir | 18 (3·2%) | 20 (8·3%) | 345 (9·1%) | <0·0001 | |
| Antibiotics | 485 (86·1%) | 192 (79·3%) | 3247 (85·7%) | 0·022 | |
| Immunomodulators | 225 (40·0%) | 99 (40·9%) | 1956 (51·7%) | <0·0001 | |
| Dexamethasone | 113 (20·1%) | 59 (24·4%) | 1326 (35·0%) | <0·0001 | |
| Other systemic steroid | 145 (25·8%) | 58 (24·0%) | 1061 (28·0%) | 0·24 | |
| Interferon-β-1b | 6 (1·1%) | 9 (3·7%) | 75 (2·0%) | 0·051 | |
| Baricitinib | 1 (0·2%) | 7 (2·9%) | 15 (0·4%) | <0·0001 | |
| Tocilizumab | 0 | 0 | 7 (0·2%) | NA | |
| Cycle threshold value on admission, number of cycles | 21·8 (6·1) | 23·3 (6·9) | 23·3 (6·8) | <0·0001 | |
| <20 | 268 (47·6%) | 93 (38·4%) | 1548 (40·9%) | .. | |
| 20 to <30 | 227 (40·3%) | 99 (40·9%) | 1495 (39·5%) | .. | |
| 30 to <35 | 43 (7·6%) | 32 (13·2%) | 461 (12·2%) | .. | |
| ≥35 | 25 (4·4%) | 18 (7·4%) | 283 (7·5%) | 0·00016 | |
Data are n (%) or mean (SD). NA=not applicable.
*
Immunocompromised patients included those with primary immunodeficiency or on active immunosuppressive treatment at baseline or in the past 12 months.
†
Fully vaccinated status was defined as having received at least two doses of BNT162b2 or three doses of CoronaVac, and being at least 14 days since the last dose at baseline or the index date.22