Fig. 3.

Modes of failure of specimens. Top row: TA1, GS1, and GP1 showed fracture of abutment and abutment screw in Groups TA, GS, and GP, respectively. Middle row: TA2, GS2, GP2, and CN2 showed fracture of fixture and abutment screw in Groups TA, GS, GP, and CN, respectively. Bottom row: TA3, GS3, and CN3 showed fracture of abutment, abutment screw, and fixture in Groups TA, GS, and CN, respectively.