Table 2. Comparison between features of various intraoperative techniques for checking anastomotic leak .

+: Present; -: Absent

Intraoperative technique	Can be used in laparoscopic surgery	Ease of usage	Accuracy	Objective	Reproducible	Cost-effective
Colour of the bowel	+	+	low	-	+/-	+
Marginal blood vessel	+	+	low	-	+/-	+
Pulse oximetry	+	+	low	+	+	+/-
Colonoscopy	+	+/-	high	+/-	+	+/-
Doppler ultrasonography	+	+	low/high	+/-	+/-	+
Near-infrared fluorescence technology	+	+ +	high	+	+	++