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. 2022 Nov 8;26(2):687–701. doi: 10.1007/s10071-022-01688-4

Table 1.

Summary of the results obtained in relation to the different post-conflict behaviours showed by domestic pigs, associated with cognitive substrates and tested hypotheses

Post-conflict strategy Individual mean ± SD number of PC-MC pairs Involved participants Social bias Cognitive substrates Tested Hypotheses
Reconciliation PC-MC = 149 CCT = 13.6% ± 3.0 SE 4.03 ± 1.61 AG & VC Yes, preferentially between weakly-related individuals Second subject participatory capabilities (individual recognition and implicit memory of previously encountered subjects); attributing different social values to others Valuable Relationship Hypothesis rejected
Triadic contacts 4.50 ± 2.05

TSC by AG 

PC-MC = 134

* * *
4.03 ± 1.60

TSC by VC

PC-MC = 141

TCTsol = 20.1% ± 5.0 S.E

Yes, preferentially between closely-related individuals Intrinsic regulatory mechanisms (change in own experience) Self-Anxiety Reduction Hypothesis rejected
Victim Protection Hypothesis rejected
3.70 ± 1.00

TUC toward AG by TP 

PC-MC = 114

TCTuns = 15.9% ± 3.6 S.E

Yes, preferentially between closely-related individuals Extrinsic regulatory mechanisms (change in others’ experience) Appeasement Hypothesis supported
3.50 ± 1.30

TUC toward VC by TP 

PC-MC = 144

TCTuns = 14.3% ± 3.4 S.E

More elements of MNS/PAM based social appraisal Victim Protection Hypothesis rejected
Consolation Hypothesis supported

AG Aggressor, VC Victim, TP Third-Party, PC-MC Post-conflict/Matched control pairs, CCT Corrected Conciliatory Tendency (mean group value), TSC Triadic Solicited Contact, TUS Triadic Unsolicited Contact, TCT Triadic Contact Tendency (mean group value), PAM Perception–Action Model, MNS Mirror Neuron System