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. 2023 Feb 10;10:1106170. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1106170

Table 7.

Mean values, standard deviation, and significant differences between normal walking and heelwork walking of the center of pressure.

COP-area (%) COP-speed (mm/s) COP-radius (%)
Mean ±SD p -value Mean ±SD p -value Mean ±SD p -value
Normal walk Heelwork walk Normal walk Heelwork walk Normal walk Heelwork walk
FL 1.28 ± 0.38 1.32 ± 0.69 0.890 95.61 ± 15.59 129.02 ± 32.66 0.012* 0.13 ± 0.02 0.13 ± 0.02 0.427
FR 1.16 ± 0.39 1.26 ± 0.60 0.672 92.68 ± 16.56 126.41 ± 25.27 0.003* 0.13 ± 0.02 0.13 ± 0.01 0.320
HL 0.82 ± 0.50 1.07 ± 0.47 0.263 86.67 ± 21.51 102.21 ± 16.31 0.087 0.15 ± 0.03 0.16 ± 0.02 0.383
HR 0.80 ± 0.36 1.12 ± 0.62 0.173 86.39 ± 18.66 101.04 ± 16.04 0.076 0.15 ± 0.02 0.16 ± 0.02 0.269
Caudal margin (mm) Craniocaudal index (%) Excursion index (%)
Mean ±SD p -value Mean ±SD p -value Mean ±SD p -value
Normal walk Heelwork walk Normal walk Heelwork walk Normal walk Heelwork walk
FL 32.04 ± 4.05 35.11 ± 3.16 0.076 32.09 ± 7.93 25.06 ± 5.74 0.037* 5.12 ± 2.06 7.05 ± 3.55 0.157
FR 32.07 ± 4.15 35.29 ± 2.92 0.062 32.52 ± 7.00 23.10 ± 5.23 0.003* 4.21 ± 1.58 5.78 ± 2.18 0.082
HL 31.92 ± 6.12 32.15 ± 2.11 0.909 32.24 ± 7.88 37.12 ± 7.74 0.179 3.14 ± 1.54 3.47 ± 1.62 0.647
HR 32.05 ± 4.60 31.69 ± 2.51 0.834 32.06 ± 8.65 38.10 ± 9.03 0.144 3.30 ± 1.54 3.21 ± 1.81 0.908

FL, left forelimb; FR, right forelimb; HL, left hindlimb; HR, right hindlimb; mean ± SD, mean and standard deviation; COP, center of pressure; Significant differences within the groups are marked with *.