Table 2.
Prevalence differences of essential newborn care practices between facility and home births.
| Variable | All births (n = 297) |
Facility birth (n = 89) |
Home birth (n = 208) |
Difference (unadjusted) |
Difference (adjusted)b |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | 95%CI | n | % | 95%CI | n | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | p-value | % | 95%CI | p-value | |
| Thermal care | |||||||||||||||
| Immediate drying after birth | 230 | 77 | 71–83 | 76 | 85 | 75–92 | 154 | 74 | 67–80 | 11 | 1–21 | 0.030 | 12 | 3–21 | 0.015 |
| Immediate skin-to-skin contact | 71 | 24 | 19–30 | 52 | 58 | 47–69 | 19 | 9 | 6–14 | 49 | 38–61 | <0.001 | 50 | 38–62 | <0.001 |
| Bathing delayed ≥1 day | 226 | 76 | 71–81 | 60 | 67 | 57–77 | 166 | 80 | 75–84 | −12 | −23 to −2 | 0.025 | −19 | −31 to −7 | 0.003 |
| Cord care | |||||||||||||||
| Clean cord tyinga | – | – | – | – | – | – | 159 | 76 | 69–82 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Clean cord cuttinga | – | – | – | – | – | – | 167 | 80 | 72–87 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Clean cord care | 195 | 66 | 59–72 | 72 | 81 | 72–88 | 123 | 59 | 52–66 | 22 | 13–31 | <0.001 | 23 | 14–32 | <0.001 |
| Feeding practices | |||||||||||||||
| Colostrum feeding | 139 | 47 | 41–53 | 58 | 65 | 58–72 | 81 | 39 | 31–47 | 26 | 17–36 | <0.001 | 26 | 16–36 | <0.001 |
| Breastfeeding started ≤1 h after birth | 191 | 64 | 58–70 | 65 | 73 | 63–81 | 126 | 61 | 53–68 | 13 | 1–24 | 0.025 | 11 | 0–23 | 0.053 |
| Exclusive breastfeeding for first 3 days | 264 | 89 | 84–92 | 83 | 93 | 86–97 | 181 | 87 | 81–91 | 6 | −1 to 14 | 0.110 | 7 | 0–15 | 0.067 |
a
Not collected for facility births due to high likelihood for misclassification.
b
Adjusted for age, education, and district as known confounders in all logistic regression models. Models for delayed bathing and early breastfeeding also adjusted for ethnicity after stepwise-forward selection using a 10% change-in-estimate criterion.