TABLE 12.
Means, SDs, and Mann-Whitney test of teacher expertise between novice, experienced, and expert teachers.
| Novice teacher (N = 138) | Experienced teacher (N = 214) | Expert teacher (N = 226) | Novice vs. experienced | Experienced vs. expert | Novice vs. expert | |||
| Teacher expertise | M | 4.059 | 4.056 | 4.205 | Z | -0.152 | -3.089 | -2.804 |
| SD | 0.523 | 0.581 | 0.612 | P | 0.879 | 0.002 | 0.005 | |
| Knowledge structure | M | 3.992 | 3.979 | 4.082 | Z | -0.330 | -1.940 | -1.605 |
| SD | 0.619 | 0.672 | 0.713 | P | 0.742 | 0.052 | 0.108 | |
| Teaching ability | M | 4.042 | 4.135 | 4.261 | Z | -1.381 | -2.439 | -3.667 |
| SD | 0.617 | 0.614 | 0.652 | P | 0.167 | 0.015 | 0.000 | |
| Professional development agency | M | 4.145 | 4.053 | 4.273 | Z | -1.341 | -4.123 | -2.606 |
| SD | 0.548 | 0.622 | 0.631 | P | 0.180 | 0.000 | 0.009 |