Table 3.
Census tract neurologist spatial access ratio averages by rural-urban commuting area codes, area deprivation, and status as Appalachian (n = 6169) or non-Appalachian (n = 18,441) tract (total N = 24,610 tracts).
| Area deprivation by rural-urban commuting area code | Two-step floating catchment area spatial access ratio, 60 miles |
Enhanced two-step floating catchment area spatial access ratio, 60 miles |
Three-step floating catchment area spatial access ratio |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appalachian tract mean (SD) | Non-Appalachian tract mean (SD) | Difference (p-value) | Appalachian tracts (SD) | Non-Appalachian tract mean (SD) | Difference (p-value) | Appalachian tract mean (SD) | Non-Appalachian tract mean (SD) | Difference (p-value) | |
| Metropolitan area core (1) | |||||||||
| Lowest deprivationa | – | 1.111 (0.0) | – | – | 1.278 (0.0) | – | – | 0.936 (0.0) | – |
| Middle deprivation | 0.917 (0.403) | 1.130 (0.366) | −0.213 (p < 0.00001) | 0.987 (0.591) | 1.219 (0.653) | −0.239 (p < 0.0001) | 1.086 (0.553) | 1.284 (0.624) | −0.204 (p < 0.0001) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.922 (0.438) | 1.089 (0.350) | −0.167 (p < 0.0001) | 0.940 (0.681) | 1.229 (0.665) | −0.289 (p < 0.0001) | 1.063 (0.625) | 1.375 (0.634) | −0.312 (p < 0.0001) |
| Metropolitan area high commuting (2)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.836 (0.396) | 1.110 (0.507) | −0.274 (p < 0.0001) | 0.791 (0.367) | 1.021 (0.569) | −0.230 (p < 0.0001) | 0.712 (0.390) | 0.875 (0.624) | −0.163 (p < 0.0001) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.655 (0.310) | 0.841 (0.453) | −0.186 (p < 0.0001) | 0.530 (0.284) | 0.743 (0.759) | −0.213 (p < 0.0001) | 0.347 (0.287) | 0.690 (0.823) | −0.343 (p < 0.0001) |
| Metropolitan area low commuting (3)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.716 (0.340) | 1.102 (0.560) | −0.386 (p = 0.0002) | 0.706 (0.459) | 0.890 (0.330) | −0.184 (p = 0.0645) | 0.722 (0.529) | 0.634 (0.460) | 0.088 (p = 0.4539) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.702 (0.371) | 0.927 (0.427) | −0.225 (p = 0.0239) | 0.524 (0.370) | 0.688 (0.656) | −0.164 (p = 0.1897) | 0.356 (0.312) | 0.564 (0.765) | −0.208 (p = 0.1217) |
| Micropolitan area core (4)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.818 (0.405) | 0.954 (0.523) | −0.136 (p = 0.0168) | 0.678 (0.511) | 0.730 (0.343) | −0.052 (p = 0.3599) | 0.686 (0.554) | 0.592 (0.380) | 0.094 (p = 0.1295) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.779 (0.393) | 0.812 (0.546) | −0.033 (p = 0.3565) | 0.598 (0.553) | 0.646 (0.470) | −0.048 (p = 0.2381) | 0.554 (0.571) | 0.547 (0.581) | 0.007 (p = 0.8758) |
| Micropolitan area high commuting (5)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.798 (0.441) | 0.910 (0.551) | −0.112 (p = 0.1298) | 0.597 (0.290) | 0.703 (0.372) | −0.106 (p = 0.0319) | 0.535 (0.342) | 0.618 (0.458) | −0.083 (p = 0.1617) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.604 (0.327) | 0.581 (0.456) | 0.023 (p = 0.6570) | 0.472 (0.663) | 0.462 (0.467) | 0.010 (p = 0.8934) | 0.457 (0.698) | 0.409 (0.472) | 0.048 (p = 0.5361) |
| Micropolitan area low commuting (6)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 1.286 (0.531) | 1.074 (0.537) | 0.212 (p = 0.2037) | 0.813 (0.401) | 0.842 (0.317) | −0.029 (p = 0.8044) | 0.595 (0.482) | 0.656 (0.420) | −0.061 (p = 0.6714) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.727 (0.321) | 0.891 (0.578) | −0.164 (p = 0.1791) | 0.532 (0.221) | 0.598 (0.278) | −0.066 (p = 0.3150) | 0.263 (0.211) | 0.277 (0.251) | −0.014 (p = 0.8169) |
| Small town core (7)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.640 (0.401) | 0.815 (0.550) | −0.175 (p = 0.1623) | 0.538 (0.487) | 0.589 (0.371) | −0.051 (p = 0.6857) | 0.584 (0.485) | 0.495 (0.463) | 0.089 (p = 0.5016) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.608 (0.331) | 0.701 (0.515) | −0.093 (p = 0.0433) | 0.457 (0.353) | 0.559 (0.532) | −0.102 (p = 0.0341) | 0.351 (0.378) | 0.449 (0.662) | −0.098 (p = 0.0842) |
| Small town high commuting (8)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.381 (0.168) | 0.621 (0.325) | −0.240 (p = 0.0249) | 0.293 (0.275) | 0.487 (0.198) | −0.194 (p = 0.0490) | 0.357 (0.400) | 0.503 (0.400) | −0.146 (p = 0.3528) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.454 (0.314) | 0.664 (0.466) | −0.210 (p = 0.0033) | 0.378 (0.217) | 0.482 (0.462) | −0.104 (p = 0.1094) | 0.239 (0.240) | 0.371 (0.589) | −0.132 (p = 0.1045) |
| Small town low commuting (9)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.701 (0.553) | 1.011 (0.525) | −0.310 (p = 0.3706) | 0.539 (0.083) | 0.772 (0.259) | −0.233 (p = 0.0032) | 0.337 (0.063) | 0.561 (0.375) | −0.224 (p = 0.0093) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.531 (0.321) | 0.626 (0.370) | −0.095 (p = 0.3947) | 0.394 (0.148) | 0.453 (0.558) | −0.059 (p = 0.5460) | 0.207 (0.179) | 0.430 (0.838) | −0.223 (p = 0.1194) |
| Rural areas (10)b | |||||||||
| Middle deprivation | 0.658 (0.431) | 0.937 (0.581) | −0.279 (p = 0.0046) | 0.506 (0.358) | 0.702 (0.262) | −0.196 (p = 0.0055) | 0.392 (0.489) | 0.528 (0.322) | −0.136 (p = 0.1393) |
| Upper deprivation | 0.487 (0.292) | 0.597 (0.486) | −0.110 (p = 0.0192) | 0.352 (0.281) | 0.427 (0.479) | −0.075 (p = 0.1023) | 0.211 (0.289) | 0.326 (0.534) | −0.115 (p = 0.0227) |
Bold: Welch t-test significance <0.05.
a
Represents observation from single census tract.
b
Lowest deprivation category not tabulated due to zero observations.