Table 2.

Range/magnitude of a process parameter, tensile strength and hardness of different bulk composites manufactured using powder metallurgy.

Sr. No.	Composite	Process parameter and their range or magnitude	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Hardness	Reference
1	Al–Si/SiCP + Al–Si–Cu–Mg	Al–Si/SiCP Powder: 25% Alumix 231 Powder: 75% Mixing Speed: 45 rpm Mixing Time: 24 h Hot Pressing: 3 × 10−6 Torr Heating rate: 10 °C/min Pressure: 70 MPa	229	–	[139]
2	Copper + 20% SiC	Sintering Temperature: 950 °C Sintering Time: 3 Hours Sinter-Forged Temperature: 750–850 °C Sinter-Forged Time: 2–6 Hours Sinter-Forging Stress: 50–100 MPa	–	140 HV	[142]
3	Copper + 40% SiC	Sintering Temperature: 1000 °C Sintering Time: 3 Hours Sinter-Forged Temperature: 800–900 °C Sinter-Forged Time: 3–7 Hours Sinter-Forging Stress: 75–175 MPa	–	181 HV	[142]
4	Copper + 60% SiC	Sintering Temperature: 1050 °C Sintering Time: 3 Hours Sinter-Forged Temperature: 850–950 °C Sinter-Forged Time: 4–8 Hours Sinter-Forging Stress: 175–250 MPa	–	253 HV	[142]
5	Cu (Sn) – TiC + Diamond	Ball Milling time: 03 Hours Sintering Temperature: 1000 °C Holding Time: 15 min Vacuum Pressure: 20 MPa	–	–	[162]
6	Copper + TiC + Graphite	Sintering Temperature: 700–850 °C Holding Time: 5–20 min Ramp Rate: 12 °C/min	–	98 HV (5% Graphite)	[163]
7	Ni plated Fe + 10% Al2O3	Pressure: 300 Bar Sintering Temperature: 1000–1400 °C Sintering Time: 01 h	–	115 HB	[164]
8	Al 2024 + 5% SiC	Ball Milling was performed Ball to Powder ratio: 10:1 Rotational Speed: 300 rpm Milling Time: 15 min Hot Pressing Pressure and Temperature: 150 MPa and 500 °C Soaking Time: 45 min	–	88.65 BHN	[154]
9	Titanium + TiC	Applied Pressure: 225 MPa Vacuum of: 5 × 103 Pa Sintering Temperature: 1350 °C Sintering Time: 04 Hours	–	37 HRC	[165]
10	ZrO2 + NiCr	Ball milling for 24 h with ethanol as solvent Forming Pressure: 80–150 MPa Cold Isostatic Pressure: 250–350 MPa Sintering Temperature: 1400 °C Sintering Time: 3 Hours	–	–	[134]
11	AZ 31 + 20% ZrB2	Particles Size: Mg – 180 μm, Al – 90 μm, Zn – 50 μm and ZrB2 - < 10 μm Ball milling for 3 Hours at 120 rpm Cold Compact Load: 3150 kN Sintering temperature: 420 °C Sintering Time: 3 Hours After Sintering compact was sprayed with dry graphite lubricant at 360 °C for 1 h	–	95 HB	[138]
12	Al 2124 + 40% SiC	Powder Blended for: 1.5 Hours Die Vibration for: 0.75 to 2 Hours Cold Compact Pressure: 300 MPa Compact Heating Temperature: 500 °C Pressing Pressure: 1.5 GPa	–	163 HV	[155]
13	Al2O3 + 40% ZrO2	Ball Milling Time: 8 Hours Rotational Speed of ball mill: 250 rpm Green compact Pressure: 100 MPa Sintering temperature: 1600 °C, 1650 °C and 1700 °C Sintering Time: 2 Hours	–	14.37 GPa (1700 °C)	[141]
14	Al 6061 + 30% Sip	Preheating of Powders at 150 °C for 24 h Mixing of Powder for 24 Hours at 500 rpm Green compact Pressure: 400 MPa Sintering Temperature: 660, 680, 700 and 720 °C Sintering Time: 2 Hours	–	110.2 HB (680 °C)	[153]
15	Al 6061 + 50% Sip	Preheating of Powders at 150 °C for 24 h Mixing of Powder for 24 Hours at 500 rpm Green compact Pressure: 400 MPa Sintering Temperature: 660, 680, 700 and 720 °C Sintering Time: 2 Hours	–	145.8 HB (700 °C)	[153]
16	AlSi7Mg + 2% TiB2	K2TiF6 and KBF4 salts used for generation of TiB2 using in-situ method Compacting pressure: 165 MPa Compacting time: 60 s Sintering temperature: 560 °C Sintering Time: 2 Hours Heating condition: under vacuum of 10−3 MPa	344 MPa	–	[166]
17	AA7075–0.5 wt% Y2O3	Ball milling of powder for 0.25 Hours Tungsten Carbide ball of 10 mm diameter was used for ball milling Rotational speed: 400 rpm Compacting Pressure: 400 MPa Sintering temperature: 430 °C Sintering Time: 30 min	211.14 MPa	106.91 HB	[167]