Table 4.

Range/magnitude of a process parameter, tensile strength and hardness of different bulk composites manufactured using the stir casting method.

Sr. No.	Composite	Process parameter and their range or magnitude	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Hardness	Reference
1	Aluminum + Al1Fe4 in-situ (Stir Casting + Hot Rolling)	Melting Temperature: 760 °C to 800 °C Stirring Time: 06 min Stirring Speed: 400 rpm	163.1–185.2	60.1–82.7 HV	[253]
2	AA 6061 + 5% B4C AA 6061 + 10% B4C	Melting Temperature: 850 °C Particles Preheating Temperature: 250 °C Die Preheated at: 600 °C Stirring Time: 10–15 min Stirring Speed: 400 rpm Stirring Temperature: 800 °C	128 143	64 HV 68 HV	[213]
3	AA 7075 + 6% SiC	Pouring Temperature: 720 °C Stirring Time: 10 min Stirring Speed: 400 rpm	298	109 HV	[254]
4	AA 6063 + 5% B4C 1545 K + 5% B4C	Stirring Speed: 450 rpm Stirring Temperature: 900 °C	440 455	49 ± 2 HB 67 ± 2 HB	[255]
5	Al + 5% Cu Al + 10% Cu Al + 15% Cu	Melt temperature: 720 °C (for pure aluminium) Degassing agent: Coverall Degassing time: 01 min Inert atmosphere: Argon gas Pressure of argon gas: 10–15 MPa Stirrer Rotational speed: 700–750 rpm Position of stirrer: 1″ height from the bottom of crucible and centrally located. Mould preheating temperature: 200 °C Particles preheating temperature: 200 °C	45 MPa 47 MPa 35 MPa	–	[256]
6	A 356 + 1.5% SiC	Melting Temperature: 800 °C Particles Preheating Temperature: 800 °C Particles Preheating time: 1 h Stirring Time: 7 min Stirring Speed: 600 rpm	479	–	[257]
7	AA 6061 + 31% B4C AA 1100 + 31% B4C	Melting Temperature: 750 °C Preheating Temperature of Particles: 400 °C Preheating Time: 2 Hours Particles addition rate: 1000 g/min Stirring Time: 15 min Stirring Speed: 550 rpm	340 160	–	[214]
8	AA 2024 + 1.5% Ni AA 2024 + 3% Ni AA 2024 + 4.5% Ni	Stirring Speed: 300 rpm Stirring Time: 20 min Stirring Temperature: 750 °C Homogenization Heat treatment at 500 °C for 24 h		115.36 ± 4.3 VHN 144.05 ± 7.4 VHN 118.54 ± 4.6 VHN	[258]
9	AA 6061 + 5% B4C AA 6061 + 10% B4C AA 6061 + 15% B4C	Stirrer Speed: 800 rpm Matrix Melting Temperature: 700 °C Stirring Time: 10 min	–	–	[259]
10	Aluminum + SiO2	Pouring Temperature: 700 to 850 °C Stirring Time: 2 to 4 min	–	172 VHN	[227]
11	Mg–Al9Zn + 15% SiC (Vacuum Stir Casting + T4 Heat Treatment)	Melting Temperature: 700–720 °C Particles Preheating Temperature: 250 °C Particles Preheating time: 3 Hours Stirring Speed: 1500 rpm Stirring Time: 25 min Stirring Temperature: 600 °C	218	–	[234]
12	Mg–Zn5Zr + 15% SiC (Vacuum Stir Casting + T4 Heat Treatment)	Melting Temperature: 700–740 °C Particles Preheating Temperature: 250 °C Particles Preheating time: 3 Hours Stirring Speed: 1500 rpm Stirring Time: 25 min Stirring Temperature: 600 °C	210	–	[260]
13	A 356 + B4C (Stir Casting + Hot Rolled + Hot Extruded)	Pouring Temperature: 750, 850 and 950 °C Stirring Speed: 300 rpm Stirring Time: 10, 15 and 20 min	352	103 HB	[228]
14	A 356 + 10% Rice Husk Ash (RHA) + 10% Fly Ash (Double Stir Casting)	Particles Preheating Temperature: 250 °C Melting Temperature: >650 °C Stirring time: 10 min +15 min Stirring Speed: 400 rpm Slurry Temperature: 720 °C	–	96 HV	[261]
15	Mg + 12% B4C (Stir Casting + T4 Heat Treatment)	Melting Temperature: 680 to 700 °C Preheating Temperature of Particles: 350 °C Stirring Speed: 400 rpm Stirring Time: 20 min	–	73 HV	[245]
16	Mg + 8% SiC + 2% Al2O3 + 1% Gr Mg + 4% Al2O3 + 2% SiC + 1% Gr (Gas Injection Stir Casting)	Magnesium Preheating Temperature and Time: 450 °C and 02 Hours Particles Preheating Temperature and Time: 1100 °C and 2 Hours Melting Temperature: 710 °C Stirring Temperature: 650 °C Stirring Speed: 300 rpm	230 189	65 HV 86 HV	[262]
17	AA 6061 + 15% SiC	Stirrer Speed: 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 rpm Stirring Time: 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min Blade Angle: 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60° Casting temperature: 630, 730, 830, 930 and 1030 °C Particles Feed Rate: 30 g/min Particles preheating temperature: 600 °C Preheating time: 60 min Die Preheating Temperature: 250 °C Number of Blades: 3	190–230	–	[263]
18	A 356 + 15% SiC (Electromagnetic Stir Casting)	Melting Temperature: 650 °C Stirring time: 7 min Stirring Speed: 210 rpm	313.5	108 BHN	[235]
19	AA 6061 + 15% Al2O3 (Stir Casting + Extrusion)	Reinforcement particles were injected into melt by using Argon gas Injection Time: 10–30 min Stirring Temperature: 750 °C Stirring Time: 15 min Stirring Speed: 450 rpm	397	153 BHN	[208]
20	AA 6061 + 20% B4C	Melting Temperature: 780 °C Particles Preheating Temperature: 200 °C to 700 °C Stirring Speed: 650 rpm Particles Addition Rate: 40 g/min Mould Preheat temperature: 300 °C	–	106 HV	[264]
21	AA 7075 + 5% Graphite + 6% Bagasse-Ash	Melting Temperature: 750 °C Stirring Speed: 200–300 rpm Stirring Time: 15 min	299.4	99.6	[265]