Table 4.
Adjusted odds risk for poor outcome of COVID‐19 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Iran during the dominant Delta variant period.
| Favorable outcomea (n = 628) n (%) | Poor outcomeb (n = 70) n (%) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | p‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccination status | ||||
| Unvaccinated | 472 (75.2) | 50 (71.4) | 1.00 | |
| Incomplete vaccinated | 98 (15.0) | 11 (15.7) | 0.80 (0.39, 1.61) | .528 |
| Complete vaccinated | 58 (9.2) | 9 (12.9) | 1.05 (0.48, 2.29) | .910 |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| <50 | 288 (45.9) | 17 (24.3) | 1.00 | |
| ≥50 | 340 (54.1) | 53 (75.7) | 2.51 (1.38, 4.59) | .003 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 260 (41.4) | 23 (32.9) | 1.00 | |
| Female | 368 (58.6) | 47 (67.1) | 1.44 (0.86, 2.44) | .169 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 362 (57.6) | 38 (54.3) | 1.00 | |
| Rural | 266 (42.4) | 32 (54.7) | 1.11 (0.67, 1.48) | .677 |
| Education | ||||
| College degree | 100 (15.9) | 3 (4.3) | 1.00 | |
| High school diploma | 244 (38.9) | 20 (28.6) | 2.64 (0.77, 9.10) | .125 |
| Lower secondary | 284 (45.2) | 47 (67.1) | 3.99 (1.17, 13.53) | .027 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Work from home in recent year | 296 (47.1) | 22 (31.4) | 1.00 | |
| Work outside in recent year | 332 (52.9) | 48 (68.6) | 1.75 (1.02, 3.00) | .041 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 576 (91.7) | 64 (91.4) | 1.00 | .465 |
| Single | 52 (8.3) | 6 (8.6) | 0.712 (0.29, 1.77) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| No | 291 (46.3) | 25 (35.7) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 337 (53.7) | 45 (64.3) | 1.14 (0.66, 1.97) | .636 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||
| No | 529 (84.2) | 55 (78.6) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 99 (15.8) | 15 (21.4) | 1.08 (0.58, 2.03) | .811 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 548 (72.9) | 43 (61.4) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 170 (27.1) | 27 (38.6) | 1.196 (0.69, 2.07) | .523 |
| Hyperlipidemia | ||||
| No | 548 (87.3) | 61 (87.1) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 80 (12.7) | 9 (12.9) | 0.81 (0.39, 1.72) | .588 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | 475 (75.6) | 43 (61.4) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 153 (24.4) | 27 (38.6) | 1.95 (1.66, 3.26) | .011 |
| Remdesivir | ||||
| No | 28 (4.5) | 9 (12.9) | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 600 (95.5) | 61 (87.1) | 0.35 (0.15, 0.78) | .010 |
a
Favorable outcome: either discharge from the hospital or stay in the hospital without any need for ventilation.
b
Poor outcomes: the need for mechanical ventilation and mortality.