Table 2.
Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics
| Category | Characteristics | Study sites | |||
| Overall N (%) | KATH N (%) | KBTH N (%) | Alpha* | ||
| Gender | Female | 527 (65.88) | 249 (62.25) | 278 (69.50) | |
| Male | 273 (34.13) | 151 (37.75) | 122 (30.50) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | P<0.05† | |
| Age group (years) | 18–19 | 27 (3.38) | 11 (2.75) | 16 (4.00) | |
| 20–29 | 192 (24.00) | 81 (20.25) | 111 (27.75) | ||
| 30–39 | 269 (33.63) | 135 (33.75) | 134 (33.50) | ||
| 40–49 | 198 (24.75) | 102 (25.50) | 96 (24.00) | ||
| 50–59 | 95 (11.88) | 61 (15.25) | 34 (8.50) | ||
| 60+ | 19 (2.38) | 10 (2.50) | 9 (2.25) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | P<0.05† | |
| Completed level of schooling | None | 55 (6.88) | 40 (10.00) | 15 (3.75) | |
| Basic | 337 (42.13) | 173 (43.25) | 164 (41.00) | ||
| Secondary | 246 (30.75) | 124 (31.00) | 122 (30.50) | ||
| Tertiary | 162 (20.25) | 63 (15.75) | 99 (24.75) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | P<0.001† | |
| Occupation type | Formal | 122 (15.25) | 55 (13.75) | 67 (16.75) | |
| Informal | 557 (69.63) | 287 (71.75) | 270 (67.50) | ||
| Not working | 121 (15.13) | 58 (14.50) | 63 (15.75) | P>0.05† | |
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | ||
| Residential location | Rural | 333 (41.63) | 245 (61.25) | 88 (22.00) | |
| Urban | 467 (58.38) | 155 (38.75) | 312 (78.00) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | P<0.001† | |
| Ever registered for health insurance | Yes | 573 (71.63) | 260 (65.00) | 313 (78.25) | |
| No | 227 (28.38) | 140 (35.00) | 87 (21.75) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00 | 400 (100.00) | P<0.001† | |
| Currently have a valid health insurance | Yes | 491 (85.69 | 205 (78.85) | 286 (91.37) | |
| No | 82 (14.31) | 55 (21.15) | 27 (8.63) | ||
| Total | 573 (100.00) | 260 (100.00) | 313 (100.00) | P<0.001† | |
| Type of valid health insurance in possession | NHIS | 436 (88.80) | 186 (90.73) | 250 (87.41) | |
| PHIS | 55 (11.20) | 19 (9.27) | 36 (12.59) | ||
| Total | 491 (100.00) | 205 (100.00) | 286 (100.00) | P>0.05† | |
| Economic status relative to others | Best | 20 (2.50) | 11 (2.75) | 9 (2.25) | |
| Better | 249 (31.13) | 150 (37.50) | 99 (24.75) | ||
| Good | 195 (24.38) | 119 (29.75) | 76 (19.00) | ||
| Worse | 336 (42.00) | 120 (30.00) | 216 (54.00) | ||
| Total | 800 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | 400 (100.00) | P<0.001† | |
| Household size | Mean (95% CI) | 4.9 (4.7 to 5.0) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.4) | 4.6 (4.4 to 4.8) | P<0.05‡ |
| Years of schooling | Mean (95% CI) | 10.8 (10.5 to 11.1) | 10.2 (9.7 to 10.6) | 11.4 (11.0 to 11.8) | P<0.05‡ |
*Comparing differences in observation between study sites.
†Derived from χ2 test for categorical variables.
‡Alpha derived from t-test for count variables.
KATH, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital; KBTH, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital; NHIS, National health insurance scheme; PHIS, Private health insurance scheme.