Table 3.
Overview of characteristics of those who did or did not ever receive any benefits among linked patients (n=220 332)
| Total N (%) | Never received benefits* N (%) | Ever received benefits N (%) | OR (95% CI) for benefit receipt | P value | AOR† (95% CI) for benefit receipt | P value | |
| Overall | 220 332 (100.0) | 36 511 (100.0) | 183 821 (100.0) | – | – | ||
| Sex‡ | 220 332 (100.0) | ||||||
| Male | 16 550 (45.3) | 92 300 (50.2) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Female | 19 961 (54.7) | 91 521 (49.8) | 0.82 (0.80 to 0.84)§ | <0.001 | 0.78 (0.77 to 0.80)§ | <0.001 | |
| Age (years)¶ | 220 329 (100.0) | ||||||
| ≤20 | 1002 (2.7) | 1495 (0.8) | Reference | Reference | |||
| 21–40 | 18 380 (50.3) | 59 082 (32.1) | 2.15 (1.99 to 2.34)§ | <0.001 | 2.22 (2.04 to 2.41)§ | <0.001 | |
| 41–60 | 14 508 (39.7) | 61 028 (33.2) | 2.82 (2.60 to 3.06)§ | <0.001 | 2.79 (2.57 to 3.03)§ | <0.001 | |
| >60 | 2620 (7.2) | 62 214 (33.8) | 15.92 (14.56 to 17.40)§ | <0.001 | 15.94 (14.56 to 17.46)§ | <0.001 | |
| Ethnicity | 220 332 (100.0) | ||||||
| White | 18 403 (50.4) | 106 251 (57.8) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Black/African/Caribbean/black British | 2862 (7.8) | 27 537 (15.0) | 1.67 (1.60 to 1.74)§ | <0.001 | 1.98 (1.90 to 2.07)§ | <0.001 | |
| Asian/Asian British | 2395 (6.6) | 8387 (4.6) | 0.61 (0.58 to 0.64)§ | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.64 to 0.71)§ | <0.001 | |
| Mixed/multiple racial and ethnic groups | 5879 (1.6) | 3624 (2.0) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.17)§ | 0.138 | 1.73 (1.58 to 1.89)* | <0.001 | |
| Other racial and ethnic minority groups | 2850 (7.8) | 9204 (5.0) | 0.56 (0.53 to 0.59)§ | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.68 to 0.75)§ | <0.001 | |
| Not stated** | 9414 (25.8) | 28 818 (15.7 | 0.53 (0.52 to 0.55)§ | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.70 to 0.74)§ | <0.001 | |
| Death‡ | 220 332 (100.0) | ||||||
| No | 34 935 (95.7) | 139 017 (75.6) | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 1576 (4.3) | 44 804 (24.4) | 7.14 (6.79 to 7.52)§ | <0.001 | 2.77 (2.61 to 2.93)§ | <0.001 | |
| Deprivation (IMD quintile)†† | 211 276 (95.9) | ||||||
| First (most deprived) | 4956 (14.2) | 41 296 (23.4) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Second | 12 323 (35.3) | 68 580 (38.9) | 0.67 (0.64 to 0.69)§ | <0.001 | 0.64 (0.61 to 0.66)§ | <0.001 | |
| Third | 9013 (25.8) | 37 264 (21.1) | 0.50 (0.48 to 0.52)§ | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.47 to 0.50)§ | <0.001 | |
| Fourth | 5266 (15.1) | 18 442 (10.5) | 0.42 (0.40 to 0.44)§ | <0.001 | 0.41 (0.39 to 0.43)§ | <0.001 | |
| Fifth (least deprived) | 3404 (9.7) | 10 732 (6.1) | 0.38 (0.36 to 0.40)§ | <0.001 | 0.37 (0.35 to 0.39)§ | <0.001 | |
| Primary psychiatric diagnosis recorded‡‡ | 220 332 (100.0) | ||||||
| Yes | 22 060 (60.4) | 131 702 (71.7) | 1.66 (1.62 to 1.69)§ | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.26 to 1.33)§ | <0.001 | |
| No | 14 451 (39.6) | 52 119 (28.4) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Accessed IAPT§§ | 220 332 (100.0) | ||||||
| Yes | 9707 (26.6) | 41 003 (22.3) | 0.79 (0.77 to 0.81)§ | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.04) | |||
| No | 26 804 (73.4) | 142 818 (77.7) | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.284 |
*This includes patients who did not have a benefits record entry as well as those who did have an entry but did not receive any benefits.
†AOR: adjusted for age (continuous), sex and ethnicity.
‡Based on Department for Work and Pensions data, but if missing backfilled with Clinical Records Interactive Search (CRIS) data.
§P value≤0.01.
¶At window end date (30 June 2019), based on CRIS data.
**Includes not known, not stated or missing.
††IMD scores published in 2019, postcode used closest and before window end date (30 June 2019).
‡‡Latest psychiatric primary diagnosis recorded closest and before window end date (30 June 2019) based on International Classification of Diseases-10 F codes only (mental and behavioural disorders) but excluding non-specific diagnoses, for example, Z*, F99*, FXX.
§§Accessed IAPT between 2008 and 30 June 2019.
AOR, adjusted OR; IAPT, Improving Access to Psychological Therapies; IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation.