Figure 2.

Performance of n-type OECTs and electrodes as glucose sensors. (a) Real-time response of the OECT (source-drain current, I_D, as a function of time) as successive amounts of glucose are added to the electrolyte. The gate and drain voltages were kept constant at +0.5 V. The OECTs were operated using a planar gate configuration, where both the channel and gate were functionalized with GOx. Insets represent the real-time response of the devices to glucose concentrations lower than 250 μM. (b) Normalized response of the OECTs (NR_OECT) to glucose. Error bars represent the standard deviation of at least three different devices. (c) Amperometric response of n-type conjugated polymer electrodes to 1 mM glucose. The working electrode was the n-type film functionalized with GOx, the reference electrode was Ag/AgCl, and the counter electrode was a Pt coil. The arrow represents the time point when 1 mM glucose was added into the electrolyte. (d) NR_electrode to 1 mM glucose (plain bars) and to O₂ (patterned bars).