Table 3.

Baseline risks for cardiovascular health metrics and the association between the change in the number of non‐ideal cardiovascular health metrics components over 1 year, and the subsequent risk of transition to prediabetes or diabetes

Population	Years of follow up	2 Years		3 Years		4 Years		5 Years
	Outcome	Prediabetes	Diabetes	Prediabetes	Diabetes	Prediabetes	Diabetes	Prediabetes	Diabetes
Whole	1‐point increase of baseline CVH metrics	1.19	1.52	1.21	1.59	1.22	1.67	1.24	1.77
		[1.17, 1.20]	[1.40, 1.64]	[1.20, 1.22]	[1.50, 1.69]	[1.21, 1.23]	[1.59, 1.75]	[1.23, 1.25]	[1.70, 1.83]
	1‐point increase of 1‐year CVH metrics change	1.13	1.14	1.14	1.22	1.14	1.32	1.15	1.38
		[1.11, 1.15]	[1.02, 1.27]	[1.13, 1.15]	[1.12, 1.32]	[1.13, 1.15]	[1.23, 1.40]	[1.14, 1.16]	[1.31, 1.45]
Female	1‐point increase of baseline CVH metrics	1.24	1.38	1.26	1.56	1.27	1.51	1.29	1.73
		[1.21, 1.28]	[1.13, 1.67]	[1.24, 1.29]	[1.36, 1.80]	[1.25, 1.30]	[1.35, 1.70]	[1.27, 1.32]	[1.57, 1.90]
	1‐point increase of 1‐year CVH metrics change	1.17	1.07	1.17	1.19	1.17	1.28	1.18	1.26
		[1.13, 1.21]	[0.83, 1.38]	[1.14, 1.20]	[0.98, 1.44]	[1.14, 1.20]	[1.09, 1.49]	[1.15, 1.20]	[1.11, 1.44]
Male	1‐point increase of baseline CVH metrics	1.17	1.56	1.19	1.59	1.20	1.70	1.22	1.77
		[1.16, 1.18]	[1.43, 1.70]	[1.18, 1.20]	[1.49, 1.70]	[1.19, 1.21]	[1.61, 1.78]	[1.21, 1.23]	[1.70, 1.85]
	1‐point increase of 1‐year CVH metrics change	1.12	1.16	1.13	1.22	1.13	1.32	1.14	1.40
		[1.10, 1.14]	[1.02, 1.31]	[1.12, 1.15]	[1.12, 1.34]	[1.12, 1.15]	[1.23, 1.42]	[1.13, 1.16]	[1.32, 1.48]
Aged <45 years	1‐point increase of baseline CVH metrics	1.20	1.56	1.22	1.63	1.23	1.75	1.26	1.87
		[1.18, 1.22]	[1.39, 1.74]	[1.20, 1.24]	[1.51, 1.77]	[1.22, 1.24]	[1.65, 1.87]	[1.24, 1.27]	[1.77, 1.96]
	1‐point increase of 1‐year CVH metrics change	1.13	1.1	1.14	1.17	1.15	1.31	1.17	1.39
		[1.10, 1.15]	[0.95, 1.29]	[1.12, 1.16]	[1.05, 1.30]	[1.13, 1.17]	[1.20, 1.43]	[1.15, 1.18]	[1.30, 1.49]
Aged ≥45 years	1‐point increase of baseline CVH metrics	1.17	1.53	1.19	1.56	1.20	1.59	1.22	1.67
		[1.15, 1.19]	[1.37, 1.72]	[1.17, 1.20]	[1.43, 1.70]	[1.19, 1.21]	[1.48, 1.70]	[1.20, 1.23]	[1.58, 1.76]
	1‐point increase of 1‐year CVH metrics change	1.13	1.19	1.13	1.29	1.13	1.32	1.13	1.36
		[1.11, 1.15]	[1.02, 1.40]	[1.11, 1.15]	[1.14, 1.46]	[1.11, 1.15]	[1.20, 1.46]	[1.12, 1.15]	[1.26, 1.47]

Odds ratios of 1‐point increase (at 1 year) in the number of non‐ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics components were adjusted for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose at the initial health checkup and the number of non‐ideal CVH metrics components at the initial health checkup. We calculated odds ratios of 1‐point increase (at 1 year) in the number of non‐ideal CVH metrics components in the sex‐stratified analysis, adjusted similarly except for sex.