Table 2.

Antibiotics against traditional CF pathogens.

Pathogens	Antibiotics	Type of Antibiotic	Comment
Pseudomonas aeruginosa [2,7,78,79]	Tobramycin * Aztreonam lysine Levofloxacin Colistimethate sodium *	Aminoglycosides Monobactams Fluoroquinolones Polymyxins	It is unclear which antibiotic option should be considered as the gold standard.
Staphylococcus aureus [2,13]	Vancomycin Linezolid	Glycopeptides Oxazolidinones	First-line options for CF patients with MRSA-related respiratory exacerbations.
Burkholderia cepacia complex ** [4,13,78]	Meropenem Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol Aztreonam lysine	Carbapenems Sulfonamides/Sulfonamides Monobactams	Resistance against the majority of antibiotics.
Achromobacter species [13,63]	Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Ceftazidime Piperacillin Meropenem Imipenem ***	Sulfonamides/Sulfonamides Cephalosporins Extended-spectrum penicillins Carbapenems Carbapenems	Resistance against common antibiotics. They can exist for an excessive period of time in upper and lower respiratory tract.

* Available for inhalation therapy. ** Currently there have been no randomized therapeutic trials; clinicians are advised to proceed to personalized treatment. *** It is considered more active than meropenem.