Table 4.

Routes of administration and regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis.

Author	Antibiotic	Administration Regimen	Administration Route
Hojer et al. [9]	Doxycycline 200 mg	- Started 4–6 h preop., single dose - Continued o.d. for 5 days postop.	Oral
Matheson et al. [10]	Neomycin 1 g and Metronidazole 200 mg	- Started 2 days preop. t.d.s.	Oral
Bartlett et al. [11]	Neomycin 1 g and Erythromycin 1 g	-Started 1 day preop. t.d.s.	Oral
Ishida et al. [12]	Metronidazole 400 mg and Kanamycin 500 mg	- Started 2 days preop. b.d. - Continued 3 days postop. b.d.	Oral
Sato et al. [13]	Cefotiam	- Started during skin incision - Continued 3 days postop. t.d.s.	Intravenous
Sadahiro et al. [14]	Kanamycin 0.5 g + Metronidazole 0.5 g	- Started 1 day preop. t.d.s.	Oral
Hjalmarsson et al. [15]	Sulfamethoxazole 800 mg/Trimethoprim 160 mg, and three tablets of Metronidazole 400 mg	-Started 2 h preop. single dose	Oral
Anjum et al. [16]	Metronidazole 400 mg and Levofloxacin 200 mg	- Started 1 day preop. t.d.s.	Oral
Abis et al. [17]	10 mL suspension containing 5 mL Amphotericin B 500 mg and 5 mL Colistin sulphate 100 mg and Tobramycin 80 mg	- Started 3 days preop. q.i.d. - Continued 3 days postop.	Oral
Koskenvuo et al. [18]	Neomycin 2 g and Metronidazole 2 g	- Started 1 day preop. o.d.	Oral
Mulder et al. [19]	Tobramycin 16 mg/mL and Colistin sulphate 20 mg/mL	- Started 3 days preop. q.i.d.	Oral
Papp et al. [20]	Ceftriaxone 2 g and Metronidazole 500 mg	-Started 1 day preop t.d.s.	Intravenous
Futier et al. [21]	Ornidazole 1 g	-Started 12 h preop. o.d.	Oral

(o.d: once daily; b.d: twice daily; t.d.s: three times daily; q.i.d: four times daily).