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. 2023 Feb 15;12(2):490. doi: 10.3390/antiox12020490

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The effects of thermal processing techniques on the total phenolic content (TPC) of the selected Brassica vegetables. The bars represent means ± standard deviations (n = 3). The different letters for each vegetable indicate statistical differences based on a two-way analysis of variance. GAE, gallic acid equivalents; DW, dry weight; mg, milligram; g, gram; AF, air-fry; FD, freeze-dry.