Table 6.

Pathogen challenge test of fish species raised in the biofloc in fish aquaculture.

Species		Pathogen (Strain)	CFU	Carbon Source	C/N Ratio	Period	Response C/N Ratio	Response	Reference
Survival rates
Freshwater	Oreochromis niloticus	Vibrio harveyi	4 × 108 CFU/mL	Glucose (166 organisms/m3)	15:1	14 days	15:1	+	[41]
				Glucose (333 organisms/m3)			15:1	+
				Glucose (600 organisms/m3)			-	×
		Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 7966)	3 × 108 CFU/mL	Mannan oligosaccharides + plant-protein-based diet	15:1	3 days	15:1	+	[24]
				Mannan oligosaccharides + fish-protein-based diet			15:1	+
				Glycerol + plant-protein-based diet			15:1	+
				Glycerol + fish-protein-based diet			15:1	+
		Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 7966)	3 × 108 CFU/mL	Mannan oligosaccharides + plant-protein-based diet	15:1	7 days	15:1	+
				Mannan oligosaccharides + fish-protein-based diet			15:1	+
				Glycerol + plant-protein-based diet			15:1	+
				Glycerol + fish-protein-based diet			15:1	+
		Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 7966)	106 CFU/mL	Wheat flour (200 fish/m3)	15:1	3 days	15:1	+ (83.33%)	[30]
				Wheat flour (250 fish/m3)			15:1	+ (83.33%)
				Wheat flour (300 fish/m3)			15:1	+ (75%)
				Wheat flour (350 fish/m3)			15:1	+ (62.5%)
	Clarias gariepinus	Aeromonas hydrophila	106 CFU/mL	Tapioca (4 fish/L)	10:1	7 days	10:1	+	[19]
				Tapioca (6 fish/L)			10:1	+
				Tapioca (8 fish/L)			10:1	+
	Labeo rohita	Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 7966)	1.8 × 107 CFU/mL	Tapioca	15:1	14 days	15:1	+	[45]
				Wheat			15:1	+
				Corn			15:1	+
				Sugar bagasse			15:1	+
	Cyprinus carpio	Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 897)	1.1 × 107 CFU/mL	Sugar beet molasses	15:1	14 days	15:1	+	[44]
				Sugar			15:1	+ (50%)
				Corn starch			15:1	+ (50%)
Seawater	Paralichthys olivaceus	Edwardsiella tarda (FP 5060)	6.61 × 104 CFU/g fish	-	-	7 days	-	×	[5]
			6.61 × 105 CFU/g fish				-	+ (100%)
			6.61 × 106 CFU/g fish				-	+ (33%)
			6.61 × 107 CFU/g fish				-	+ (33%)
		Streptococcus iniae (FP 5228)	3.36 × 106 CFU/g fish	Glucose	10:1	96 h	10:1	+ (100%)	[70]
			3.36 × 107 CFU/g fish				10:1	+ (80%)
			3.36 × 108 CFU/g fish				10:1	+ (70%)
			3.36 × 109 CFU/g fish				10:1	× (20%)

+, increased, - decreased, and × no change in survival rate.