Table A1.
Hazard Ratios (HRs) of the associations between fCADI Score and lung cancer incidence by quartiles of intake and subgroups.
| fCADI in Quartile | Range | Cohort | Cases | Incidence Rate (95% CI) a | Age-Adjusted HR (95% CI), p-Value | Multi-Adjusted HR (95% CI), p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| Q1 | <−2.5551 | 11,916 | 285 | 0.029 (0.025–0.032) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−2.5551 to <−0.1780 | 11,915 | 250 | 0.025 (0.022–0.028) | 0.87 (0.73–1.03), p = 0.1012 | 0.85 (0.71–1.01), p = 0.0672 |
| Q3 | ≥0.1780 to <3.6439 | 11,915 | 207 | 0.021 (0.018–0.024) | 0.73 (0.61- 0.87), p = 0.0007 | 0.68 (0.55–0.83), p = 0.0003 |
| Q4 | ≥3.6439 | 11,916 | 228 | 0.023 (0.020–0.026) | 0.84 (0.70–1.00), p = 0.0473 | 0.66 (0.50–0.86), p = 0.0024 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.0344 | P for trend = 0.00284 | ||||
| Women | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.9276 | 12,697 | 208 | 0.021 (0.018–0.024) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.9276 to <−1.6222 | 12,697 | 168 | 0.017 (0.014–0.020) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98), p = 0.0350 | 0.79 (0.64–0.99), p = 0.0378 |
| Q3 | ≥1.6222 to <1.2269 | 12,698 | 147 | 0.015 (0.013–0.017) | 0.71 (0.57- 0.87), p = 0.0012 | 0.65 (0.50–0.84), p = 0.0009 |
| Q4 | ≥1.2269 | 12,697 | 149 | 0.015 (0.013–0.017) | 0.73 (0.59–0.91), p = 0.0039 | 0.59 (0.42–0.81), p = 0.0015 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.003 | P for trend < 0.001 | ||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.4911 | 8460 | 185 | 0.018 (0.016–0.021) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.4911 to <−1.0459 | 8460 | 165 | 0.017 (0.014–0.019) | 0.89 (0.72–1.09), p = 0.258 | 0.87 (0.79–1.08), p = 0.208 |
| Q3 | ≥−1.0459 to <2.0027 | 8461 | 132 | 0.013 (0.011–0.016) | 0.70 (0.56–0.88), p = 0.002 | 0.65 (0.50–0.84), p = 0.001 |
| Q4 | ≥2.0027 | 8460 | 160 | 0.016 (0.014–0.019) | 0.87 (0.70–1.07), p = 0.184 | 0.66 (0.48–0.91), p = 0.011 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.077 | P for trend = 0.002 | ||||
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.2569 | 16,153 | 266 | 0.027 (0.024–0.030) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.2569 to <−0.6718 | 16,152 | 254 | 0.025 (0.022–0.029) | 0.95 (0.80–1.12), p = 0.531 | 0.89 (0.74–1.06), p = 0.185 |
| Q3 | ≥−0.6718 to <2.6493 | 16,152 | 240 | 0.024 (0.021–0.027) | 0.91 (0.76–1.08), p = 0.263 | 0.79 (0.64–0.96), p = 0.020 |
| Q4 | ≥2.6493 | 16,153 | 240 | 0.024 (0.021–0.027) | 0.93 (0.78–1.11), p = 0.431 | 0.68 (0.52–0.89), p = 0.005 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.389 | P for trend = 0.002 | ||||
| Cigarette smoking status: never smoked | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.4377 | 11,884 | 36 | 0.004 (0.003–0.005) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.4377 to <−0.9573 | 11,884 | 45 | 0.004 (0.003–0.006) | 1.25 (0.81–1.94), p = 0.319 | 1.28 (0.80–2.05), p = 0.304 |
| Q3 | ≥0.9573 to <2.2189 | 11,885 | 27 | 0.003 (0.002–0.004) | 0.76 (0.46- 1.25), p = 0.285 | 0.80 (0.44–1.44), p = 0.448 |
| Q4 | ≥2.2189 | 11,884 | 31 | 0.003 (0.002–0.004) | 0.90 (0.56–1.46), p = 0.670 | 0.99 (0.47–2.11), p = 0.987 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.17 | P for trend = 0.306 | ||||
| Current smokers | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.7053 | 2277 | 165 | 0.017 (0.014–0.019) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.7053 to <−1.0678 | 2276 | 175 | 0.018 (0.015–0.020) | 1.03 (0.84–1.28), p = 0.757 | 0.93 (0.74–1.16), p = 0.5094 |
| Q3 | ≥−1.0678 to <2.2474 | 2277 | 159 | 0.016 (0.014–0.019) | 0.96 (0.77–1.19), p = 0.681 | 0.80 (0.63–1.03), p = 0.0890 |
| Q4 | ≥2.2474 | 2277 | 165 | 0.016 (0.014–0.019) | 1.03 (0.83–1.28), p = 0.800 | 0.72 (0.52–1.01), p = 0.0554 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.901 | P for trend = 0.004 | ||||
| Former smokers | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.1491 | 10,452 | 248 | 0.025 (0.022–0.028) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.1491 to <−0.5835 | 10,451 | 204 | 0.020 (0.018–0.023) | 0.83 (0.69–1.00), p = 0.0464 | 0.79 (0.70–1.03), p = 0.104 |
| Q3 | ≥−0.5835 to <2.6865 | 10,452 | 193 | 0.019 (0.017–0.022) | 0.78 (0.65–0.94), p = 0.0106 | 0.65 (0.64–1.00), p = 0.053 |
| Q4 | ≥2.6865 | 10,452 | 194 | 0.019 (0.017–0.022) | 0.82 (0.68–0.99), p = 0.0403 | 0.65 (0.61–1.09), p = 0.162 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.107 | P for trend = 0.133 | ||||
| Drinking status: Never drinkers | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.8669 | 2485 | 15 | 0.002 (0.001–0.002) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.8669 to <−1.4275 | 2485 | 13 | 0.001 (0.001–0.002) | 0.84 (0.40–1.78), p = 0.6566 | 0.76 (0.35–1.64), p = 0.4765 |
| Q3 | ≥−1.4275 to <1.7642 | 2485 | 16 | 0.002 (0.001–0.003) | 1.06 (0.52–2.14), p = 0.8784 | 0.64 (0.28–1.46), p = 0.2877 |
| Q4 | ≥1.7642 | 2485 | 16 | 0.002 (0.001–0.003) | 1.08 (0.53–2.19), p = 0.8296 | 0.56 (0.19–1.70), p = 0.3056 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.433 | P for trend = 0.513 | ||||
| Former drinkers | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.4802 | 3567 | 81 | 0.008 (0.007–0.010) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.4802 to <−0.8979 | 3567 | 81 | 0.008 (0.007–0.010) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34), p = 0.935 | 0.96 (0.70–1.33), p = 0.8097 |
| Q3 | ≥−0.8979 to <2.4313 | 3568 | 81 | 0.008 (0.007–0.010) | 0.99 (0.73–1.35), p = 0.971 | 0.97 (0.67–1.40), p = 0.8734 |
| Q4 | ≥2.4313 | 3567 | 72 | 0.007 (0.006–0.009) | 0.91 (0.66–1.25), p = 0.565 | 0.79 (0.48–1.30), p = 0.3625 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.488 | P for trend = 0.271 | ||||
| Current drinkers | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.2122 | 17,868 | 359 | 0.036 (0.032–0.040) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.2122 to <−0.6797 | 17,867 | 303 | 0.030 (0.027–0.034) | 0.84 (0.72–0.98), p = 0.0224 | 0.79 (0.68–0.93), p = 0.0047 |
| Q3 | ≥−0.6797 to <2.5210 | 17,867 | 268 | 0.027 (0.024–0.030) | 0.74 (0.63–0.87), p = 0.0002 | 0.65 (0.54–0.78), p = 3.75 × 10−6 |
| Q4 | ≥2.5210 | 17,868 | 294 | 0.029 (0.026–0.033) | 0.84 (0.72–0.98), p = 0.0264 | 0.60 (0.47–0.76), p = 1.75 × 10−5 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.025 | P for trend < 0.001 | ||||
| Family history of lung cancer: No | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.3261 | 21,448 | 347 | 0.009 (0.007–0.011) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.3261 to <−0.7930 | 21,447 | 331 | 0.007 (0.006–0.009) | 0.95 (0.81–1.10), p = 0.4799 | 0.90 (0.77–1.05), p = 0.1762 |
| Q3 | ≥−0.7930 to <2.4407 | 21,447 | 294 | 0.006 (0.005–0.008) | 0.84 (0.72–0.99), p = 0.0324 | 0.73 (0.61–0.87), p = 0.0006 |
| Q4 | ≥2.4407 | 21,448 | 321 | 0.006 (0.005–0.008) | 0.95 (0.82–1.11), p = 0.5181 | 0.69 (0.55–0.87), p = 0.0019 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.413 | P for trend < 0.001 | ||||
| Family history of lung cancer: Yes | ||||||
| Q1 | <−3.4296 | 2575 | 87 | 0.035 (0.031–0.039) | Reference group | Reference group |
| Q2 | ≥−3.4296 to <−0.9070 | 2574 | 72 | 0.033 (0.030–0.037) | 0.81 (0.60–1.11), p = 0.1981 | 0.74 (0.53–1.03), p = 0.0727 |
| Q3 | ≥0.9070 to <2.3121 | 2574 | 59 | 0.029 (0.026–0.033) | 0.67 (0.48–0.94), p = 0.0197 | 0.57 (0.39–0.84), p = 0.0047 |
| Q4 | ≥2.3121 | 2575 | 64 | 0.032 (0.029–0.036) | 0.75 (0.54–1.03), p = 0.0770 | 0.47 (0.28–0.78), p = 0.0036 |
| P for linear trend | P for trend = 0.061 | P for trend = 0.002 |
a. Per 10,000 person-years.