Figure 27.

Confinement of light at the atomic scale through a metallic tip in TERS. (a) Conversion from the far-field light to the near-field SPP propagating along the tip surface and further to the LSP confined at the tip apex. (b) Spatial distribution of the local electric field near the tip apex with and without atomistic protrusion. Adapted with permission from ref (287). Copyright 2020 Springer Nature. (c) Comparisons between the quantum, classical, and analytical simulation results of local electric fields, exhibiting similar features in both field intensities and spatial distributions. Adapted with permission from ref (289). Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society.