Table 2.
Daily intake of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol and fiber among the study participants.
| Women | Men | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omnivores | Flexitarians | Vegetarians | Omnivores | Flexitarians | Vegetarians | |
| Energy, kcal | 1702.8 ± 665.9 a,* | 1480.9 ± 670.4 * | 1532.1 ± 512.6 | 2413.5 ± 993.1 a,* | 2080.0 ± 879.8 * | 2066.5 ± 989.9 |
| Total protein, g | 59.8 ± 24.7 a,b,* | 51.3 ± 24.1 * | 41.9 ± 18.7 | 86.1 ± 37.7 a,b,* | 71.0 ± 30.2 * | 51.5 ± 14.3 |
| Protein (%) | 14 | 13.9 | 10.9 | 14.3 | 13.7 | 10 |
| Animal protein, g | 38.0 ± 20.4 a,b,* | 31.4 ± 19.6 * | 16.5 ± 10.7 c | 56.1 ± 31.1 a,b,* | 44.5 ± 24.9 * | 20.6 ± 12.9 c |
| Plant protein, g | 21.8 ± 8.8 a,* | 20.0 ± 9.6 * | 25.5 ± 10.6 c | 30.0 ± 12.7 a,* | 26.5 ± 11.5 * | 30.9 ± 12.0 |
| Carbohydrates, g | 229.2 ± 92.6 a,* | 207.1 ± 99.4 * | 254.6 ± 102.3 | 302.0 ± 125.0 a,* | 271.1 ± 119.1 * | 296.1 ± 119.7 |
| Total fat, g | 67.4 ± 34.2 a,b,* | 55.8 ± 32.5 * | 44.3 ± 30.3 | 101.1 ± 53.5 a,* | 82.1 ± 44.6 * | 82.0 ± 63.8 |
| Fat (%) | 35.4 * | 33.9 * | 26.0 | 37.7 * | 35.5 * | 35.6 |
| SFA, g | 25.4 ± 14.2 a,* | 21.3 ± 13.3 * | 16.9 ± 11.5 | 37.2 ± 21.8 a,* | 30.8 ± 19.1 * | 35.6 ± 33.0 |
| MUFA, g | 26.6 ± 14.9 a,b,* | 21.6 ± 14.1 * | 14.1 ± 10.6 * | 41.4 ± 23.8 a,* | 33.2 ± 19.3 * | 30.3 ± 23.0 * |
| PUFA, g | 10.3 ± 6.9 a,b,* | 8.5 ± 6.7 * | 9.5 ± 9.2 | 14.9 ± 9.6 a,* | 12.0 ± 8.5 * | 10.6 ± 6.8 |
| Linoleic acid, g | 8.7 ± 6.1 a,* | 7.1 ± 5.8 * | 8.5 ± 8.5 | 12.5 ± 8.4 a,* | 10.0 ± 7.5 * | 8.6 ± 5.5 |
| α-linolenic acid, g | 1.4 ± 1.1 a,* | 1.2 ± 1.1 * | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 2.0 ± 1.5 a,* | 1.7 ± 1.3 * | 1.9 ± 1.5 |
| Cholesterol, mg | 235.0 ± 155.0 a,b,* | 201.3 ± 153.0 * | 90.3 ± 59.4 c,* | 350.5 ± 238.2 a,* | 286.0 ± 198.9 * | 216.2 ± 223.1 * |
| Fiber, g | 17.4 ± 7.6 a,* | 15.9 ± 8.2 * | 17.4 ± 10.1 | 22.2 ± 9.7 a,* | 20.0 ± 9.4 * | 23.2 ± 11.3 |
Abbreviations: SFA—saturated fatty acids; MUFA—monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acids. Post hoc analysis: a statistically significant difference between omnivores and flexitarians; b statistically significant difference between omnivores and vegetarians; c statistically significant difference between flexitarians and vegetarians; * statistically significant difference between women and men.