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. 2023 Feb 15;12(2):389. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12020389

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The inhibitory effect of (A) PMB alone and (B) the combination of PMB + LL-37 on the formation of E. coli MG1655 biofilms. The ability of PMB, alone and in combination with LL-37, to inhibit E. coli MG1655 biofilm growth was evaluated via crystal violet staining. (A) The amount of E. coli MG1655 biofilm growth in the presence of single treatments of 0 µg/mL, 0.03125 µg/mL, 0.0625 µg/mL, 0.125 µg/mL, 0.25 µg/mL, and 0.5 µg/mL PMB. (B) The amount of E. coli MG1655 biofilm growth in the presence of 0 µg/mL PMB + 0 µg/mL LL-37, 0.03125 µg/mL PMB + 4 µg/mL LL-37, 0.0625 µg/mL PMB + 4 µg/mL LL-37, 0.125 µg/mL PMB + 4 µg/mL LL-37, 0.25 µg/mL PMB + 4 µg/mL LL-37, and 0.5 µg/mL PMB+ 4 µg/mL LL-37 treatments. The biofilm biomass was measured at 595 nm after an incubation of 24 h at 37 °C. The mean background absorbance values were subtracted from the results for the test wells. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests (***, p < 0.001) were calculated for the average values from at least two independent experiments. Each experiment included two independent bacterial cultures, with each condition including data from eight wells of a microtiter plate. Standard deviation bars are shown.