Table 1.
Association of telomeric length and sarcopenia.
| Population Sarcopenia |
Determinations | Objective | Findings | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 142 persons aged ≥65 years. | The presence of sarcopenia was established according to the EWGSOP. Whole-body fat-free mass was measured by BIA. The frailty status of participants was assessed according to both Fried’s criteria and the elative telomere length of qRT-PCR. |
Determine whether PBMC telomeres obtained from sarcopenic older persons were shorter relative to non-sarcopenic peers. | PBMC telomere length, expressed as T/S values, is shorter in older outpatients with sarcopenia. The cross-sectional assessment of PBMC telomere length is not sufficient for capturing the complex, multidimensional syndrome of frailty. | [135] |
| The stratified sample includes a total of 976 males and 1030 females, in order that approximately 33% would each be aged 65–69, 70–74, and 75 years and older. |
Diagnosis of sarcopenia. The T/S ratio was assessed by qRT-PCR. |
To examine the association between telomeric length and diagnosis of sarcopenia based on an appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI), grip strength, walking speed, and chair sit-to-stand in a 5-year prospective study. | Longer telomere length was associated with a slower decline in grip strength in Chinese older persons. | [137] |
| 36 sarcopenic people and 36 healthy people. Older adults (age ≥ 65 years). |
Anthropometric measurement. Grip strength. Measurement of telomere length analysis was performed by qPCR. RNA isolation and quantification of TERRA. |
To explore the impact of sarcopenia on telomere length and TERRA expression, and changes following exercise and nutrition intervention in the sarcopenic population. | No significant difference in telomere length between control subjects and participants with sarcopenia. | [138] |
| Included 444 patients with an average age of 77.3 ± 8.4 years. | Determination of sarcopenia. Determination of frailty by meeting three or more of Fried’s criteria. OxS markers. Telomere length. DNA fragmentation. |
To explore the main markers of OxS, telomere length, and apoptosis parameters in a multicenter cohort of patients with multimorbidity in a hospital. | OxS markers and telomere length were enhanced and shortened, respectively, in blood samples of poly-pathological patients with sarcopenia and/or frailty. Both were associated with decreased survival. | [57] |
| 20,400 older adults (average age: 67.79 ± 4.9 years, 53% male). | Baseline leukocyte telomere length was measured using a multiplex qPCR technique and expressed as a T/S ratio. | Examined the association between leukocyte telomere length and osteosarcopenia. | Telomere length was not associated with osteosarcopenia; however, a slow walking pace was associated. | [139] |
| 5397 individuals; (average age: 44.7 years, 51.3% male). | Body composition evaluation using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Evaluation of whole blood telomeric length by qPCR. Average telomere length is expressed as the ratio T/S. |
Examine the relationship between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and telomere length (TL) in a representative adult population. | Sarcopenia and obesity may act synergistically to shorten telomeres. | [140] |
EWGSOP: European working group on sarcopenia in older people; BIA: Bioelectrical impedance analysis; qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; PBMC: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; T/S: Telomere length/single copy gene; ASMI: Appendiceal skeletal mass index; TERRA: Telomeric repeat-containing RNA; OxS: Oxidative stress.