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. 2023 Feb 8;12(2):267. doi: 10.3390/biology12020267

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Biomarker during tumor development. Close monitoring of ctDNA allows for the diagnosis as well as early detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) to guide treatment. Adapted with permission from [24,46].