Effect of Lico E on TNF-α and Arg-1 mRNA expression in SIM-A9 cells stimulated with Aβ1-42 and IL-4. (A) Effect of Lico E on TNF mRNA expression in SIM-A9 cells stimulated with Aβ1-42. (B) Effect of Lico E on Arg-1 mRNA expression in SIM-A9 cells stimulated with Aβ1-42. Cells were treated with various concentrations (0, 3 and 10 μM) of Lico E for 30 min, followed by stimulation with 10 μM Aβ1-42 for 4 h. Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). * p < 0.05 and *** p < 0.0005 compared with vehicle control. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Šídák’s multiple comparisons test. † p < 0.05 and †† p < 0.0001 compared with vehicle control (0 µM of Lico E). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. # p < 0.005 and ## p < 0.0005, ### p = 0.0005 and #### p < 0.0001 compared with vehicle control (0 μM of Lico E). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. (C) Effect of Lico E on Arg-1 mRNA expression in SIM-A9 cells stimulated with IL-4. Cells were treated with various concentrations (0, 3 and 10 μM) of Lico E for 30 min, followed by stimulation with 5 ng/mL IL-4 for 4 h. Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). *** p < 0.0005 compared with vehicle control. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Šídák’s multiple comparisons test. † p < 0.01 compared with vehicle control (0 µM of Lico E). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. # p < 0.005 and ## p < 0.0005 compared with vehicle control (0 μM of Lico E). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test.