Table 4.

Examples of liposomal formulations approved for clinical use [11,21,23,27,61,62].

Clinical Application	Trade Name	Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient	Lipid Composition	Year of First Approval
Cancer	DaunoXome®	Daunorubicin	DSPC:Chol	1996
	DepoCyt®	Cytarabine	DOPC:DPPG:Chol:triolein	1999
	Doxil®/Caelyx®	Doxorubicin	HSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG2000	1995
	Myocet®		PC:Chol	2001
	Lipodox®		HSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG2000	2012
	Lipusu®	Paclitaxel	PC:Chol	2006
	Mepact®	Mifamurtide	DOPS:POPC	2009
	Marqibo®	Vincristine	Sphingomyelin:Chol	2012
	Onivyde®	Irinotecan	DSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG2000	2015
	Vyxeos®	Cytarabine and daunorubicin	DSPC:DSPG:Chol	2017
Fungal infections	AmBisome®	Amphotericin B	HSPC:Chol:DSPG	1990
	Amphocil®		Cholesteryl sulphate	1993
	Abelcet®		DMPC:DMPG	1995
	Amphotec®		Cholesteryl sulphate	1996
	Fungisome®		PC:Chol	2003
Bacterial infections	Arikayce®	Amikacin	DPPC:Chol	2018
Ocular disorders	Visudyne®	Verteporfin	DMPC:PG	2000
Analgesia	DepoDur™	Morphine sulfate	DOPC:DPPG:Chol:triolein	2004
	Exparel®	Bupivacaine	DEPC:DPPG:Chol:tricaprylin	2011
Vaccination	Epaxal®	Hepatitis A virus antigen, strain RGSB	DOPC:DOPE	1993
	Inflexal® V	Influenza virus antigen, strains A and B	DOPC:DOPE	1997
	Mosquirix™	RTS,S antigen	DOPC:Chol	2015
	Shingrix	varicella zoster virus glycoprotein E	Chol:MPL:QS21	2017
	Comirnaty®	mRNA encoding for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein	ALC-0315: ALC-015d:Chol:DSPC	2020
	Spikevax™		SM-102:PEG2000-DMG:Chol:DSPC	2021

PG: phosphatidyl glycerol; DSPC: distearoyl phosphatidyl choline; Chol: cholesterol; DOPC: dioleoyl phosphatidyl choline; DPPG: dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; HSPC: hydrogenated soy phosphatidyl choline; DSPE-PEG2000: distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine covalently linked to poly(ethylene glycol) 2000; PC: phosphatidyl choline; DSPG: distearoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; DMPC: dimyristoyl phosphatidyl choline; DMPG: dimyristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; PG: phosphatidyl glycerol; DOPE: dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine; DEPC: 1,2-dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; DOPS: dioleoyl phosphatidyl serine; RTS,S: portion of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein fused with hepatitis B surface antigen (RTS) and combined with hepatitis B surface antigen (S); MPL: monophosphoryl lipid A, a detoxified derivative of the lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella minnesota; QS21: saponin purified from the bark extract of Quillaja saponaria Molina (fraction 21); ALC-0315: 6-((2-hexyldecanoyl)oxy)-N-(6-((2-hexyldecanoyl)oxy)hexyl)-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)hexan-1-aminium; ALC-0159: 2 [(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide; SM-102: heptadecan-9-yl 8-{(2-hydroxyethyl)[6-oxo-6-(undecyloxy)hexyl]amino}octanoate; PEG2000-DMG: 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000.