Table 2.
Levels of urinary biomarkers among the USI and DO, USI and HSB, and control groups.
| Urinary Biomarkers @ |
(A) USI + DO | (B) USI + HSB | (C) Control | Total | p-Value | Post Hoc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 31) | (N = 28) | (N = 34) | ||||
| IL-1 β | 0.722 ± 0.229 (1) | 0.717 ± 0.287 (0) | 0.599 ± 0.235 (2) | 0.677 ± 0.255 (3) | 0.043 | |
| IL-2 | 0.433 ± 0.212 (0) | 0.516 ± 0.222 (1) | 0.638 ± 0.272 (0) | 0.533 ± 0.252 (1) | 0.021 | A vs. C |
| IL-6 | 2.15 ± 2.61 (0) | 2.41 ± 2.60 (0) | 1.62 ± 1.67 (0) | 2.03 ± 2.30 (0) | 0.312 | |
| IL-8 | 12.4 ± 21.3 (1) | 17.8 ± 34.2 (0) | 13.3 ± 26.8 (1) | 14.4 ± 27.5 (2) | 0.867 | |
| TNF α | 1.37 ± 0.621 (1) | 1.37 ± 0.795 (0) | 1.06 ± 0.509 (1) | 1.26 ± 0.655 (2) | 0.128 | |
| VEGF | 5.51 ± 4.99 (0) | 5.68 ± 5.42 (0) | 8.99 ± 5.834 (0) | 6.81 ± 5.62 (0) | 0.015 | A vs. C, B vs. C |
| BDNF | 0.678 ± 0.220 (1) | 0.588 ± 0.177 (0) | 0.674 ± 0.334 (1) | 0.649 ± 0.257 (2) | 0.272 | |
| TAC | 725 ± 496 (1) | 611 ± 388 (1) | 878 ± 911 (0) | 748 ± 663 (2) | 0.791 | |
| PGE2 | 256 ± 236 (1) | 335 ± 270 (0) | 221 ± 200 (0) | 267± 237 (1) | 0.063 | |
| NGF | 0.175 ± 0.083 (0) | 0.183 ± 0.072 (1) | 0.235 ± 0.103 (0) | 0.199 ± 0.091 (1) | 0.027 | A vs. C |
| 8-Isoprostane | 33.3 ± 34.6 (2) | 21.5 ± 24.5 (0) | 10.8 ± 10.5 (0) | 21.5 ± 26.4 (2) | 0.014 | A vs. C |
| 8-OHdG | 28.9 ± 17.3 (0) | 22.4 ± 12.9 (0) | 17.4 ± 11.7 (0) | 22.6 ± 14.7 (0) | 0.021 | A vs. C |
USI: urodynamic stress incontinence, DO: detrusor overactivity, HSB: hypersensitive bladder; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-2, interleukin-2; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-8, interleukin-8; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; BDNF, brainderived neurotrophic factor; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; NGF, neural growth factor; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine. Values in parentheses indicate the number of outliers. @ Units: all pg/mL, except nmol/μL in TAC, and ng/mL in 8-OHdG.