Table 3.
Effect of exercise and melatonin supplementation on serum biochemistry in rats with or without isoproterenol challenge.
| NC | EC | MC | MEC | IC | EI | MI | MEI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troponin I (pg/mL) | 151 ± 18 | 116 ± 13 | 121 ± 13 | 113 ± 18 | 510 ± 57 *** | 375 ± 61 ** | 319 ± 24 * | 218 ± 23 |
| CK-MB (ng/mL) | 7.53 ± 0.56 | 6.13 ± 0.36 | 6.63 ± 0.36 | 5.53 ± 0.54 | 16.02 ± 1.10 *** | 11.56 ± 0.41 ***# | 9.77 ± 0.24 **## | 9.08 ± 0.44 *### |
| CK (IU/mL) | 272 ± 16 | 270 ± 13 | 265 ± 19 | 261 ± 15 | 507 ± 50 *** | 443 ± 44 ** | 353 ± 28 **## | 338 ± 15 ## |
| CK-Index | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.2 * | 3.5 ± 0.4 * | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.2 |
| LDH (IU/mL) | 202 ± 12 | 198 ± 5 | 199 ± 14 | 195 ± 14 | 381 ± 14 *** | 352 ± 16 *** | 224 ± 11 ### | 213 ± 12 ### |
| AST (IU/mL) | 130 ± 4 | 128 ± 6 | 125 ± 6 | 124 ± 6 | 304 ± 22 *** | 253 ± 13 *** | 170 ± 8 ***### | 146 ± 7 ### |
| TC (mg/dL) | 159 ± 3 | 144 ± 5 * | 150 ± 9 | 143 ± 8 * | 166 ± 6 *** | 155 ± 5 *** | 150 ± 5 | 149 ± 4 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 36 ± 3 | 42 ± 3 | 35 ± 2 | 42 ± 3 | 35 ± 2 | 39 ± 2 | 35 ± 2 | 41 ± 3 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 16 ± 1 | 12 ± 1 * | 12 ± 1 * | 10 ± 1 * | 17 ± 2 * | 13 ± 1 *# | 13 ± 1 *# | 11 ± 1 *## |
| TG (mg/dL) | 142 ± 4 | 132 ± 3 | 127 ± 2 * | 117 ± 6 ** | 147 ± 3 | 140 ± 5 | 128 ± 4 *# | 119 ± 3 **## |
| AI (mg/dL) | 4.63 ± 0.40 | 3.56 ± 0.26 * | 4.40 ± 0.33 | 3.54 ± 0.24 * | 4.91 ± 0.47 * | 4.02 ± 0.48 *** | 4.53 ± 0.27 | 3.80 ± 0.28 # |
The data are reported as the mean ± SEM (n = 10). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 versus the NC group. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 versus the IC group calculated through one-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test. NC, normal control; EC, exercise control group; MC, melatonin control group; MEC, melatonin plus exercise control group; IC, isoproterenol control group; EI, exercise plus isoproterenol-challenged group; MI, melatonin plus isoproterenol-challenged group; MEI, melatonin and exercise plus isoproterenol-challenged group. CK, creatine kinase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; AI, atherogenic index.