Table 2.

Combinatorial effect of PCs and conventional anti-cancer drugs.

Phytochemicals (PCs)	Chemotherapeutic Drug	Cancer Cell Target	Combinatorial Effect	Ref.
Emodin	Cisplatin	Non-small cell lung cancer	Enhances cisplatin sensitivity through p-glycoprotein downregulation	[103]
Caffeic acid	Paclitaxel	Lung cancer	Increase in the activities of caspase-3 and -9; activation of Bax and Bid	[104]
Diosmetin	Paclitaxel	Lung cancer	Increases therapeutic efficacy inducing ROS production, thereby disrupting PI3K/Akt pathway.	[105]
Curcumin	Docetaxel and gemcitabine	Pancreatic cancer	Triggers apoptosis through caspase/PARP signaling pathway	[106]
Baicalein	Gemcitabine and docetaxel	Pancreatic cancer	Cell cycle arrest in S phase	[107]
Genistein	Gemcitabine	Pancreatic cancer	Inactivation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway	[108]
Berberine	Cisplatin	Breast cancer	Induction of DNA breaks and upregulation of Bcl-2	[109]
		Ovarian cancer	G0/G1 cell cycle arrest	[110]
		Osteosarcoma	Inhibition of MAPK pathway	[111]
Oridonin	Cisplatin	Ovarian cancer	Reverses cisplatin drug resistance and thereby induces apoptosis	[112]