Table 2. Changes in metabolic indices and food intake in two groups.
*represents the significance of P-value (of paired t-test) between baseline values and follow-up values
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019
| Variable | Control | COVID-19 | |||||
| Baseline | Follow-up | Mean Difference P-value | Baseline | Follow-up | Mean Difference P-value | ||
| Male | Physical Activity (MET) | 31.37±2.95 | 25.73±2.66 | 5.64±4.11 P-value= 0.000 | 30.84±2.93 | 25.81±3.03 | 5.03±4.37 P-value= 0.000 |
| Weight (kg) | 74.85±5.73 | 71.18±7.48 | 3.66±8.76 P-value= 0.000 | 75.08±5.13 | 68.13±6.16* | 6.95±7.8 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| BMI | 27.51±3.06 | 25.81±2.45 | 1.7±3.82 P-value= 0.000 | 27.88±2.83 | 25.23±2.34 | 2.64±3.97 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 100.65±7.56 | 102.55±8.6 | -1.9±11.51 P-value= 0.073 | 101.34±7.87 | 111.55±7.51* | -10.21±10.68 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 7.09±1.83 | 6.9±3.09 | 0.19±3.5 P-value= 0.557 | 6.86±1.88 | 11.03±3.05* | -4.17±3.65 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| HOMA-IR | 0.91±0.3 | 0.8±0.21 | 0.11±0.36 P-value= 0.001 | 0.92±0.3 | 1.23±0.28* | -0.31±0.4 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2209.4±151.91 | 1892.08±206.98 | 317.32±264.58 P-value= 0.000 | 2188.49±179.57 | 1901.28±203.82 | 287.21±259.64 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Carbohydrate intake (g) | 300.85±20.55 | 266.67±21.3 | 34.17±27.23 P-value= 0.000 | 300.7±18.4 | 266.14±19.86 | 34.56±27.57 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Fat intake (g) | 84.14±9.15 | 77.66±11.41 | 6.48±14.69 P-value= 0.000 | 84.62±8.46 | 78.15±9.74 | 6.47±12.69 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Protein intake (g) | 84.81±10.16 | 84.81±10.16 | 4.01±14.5 P-value= 0.003 | 90.02±9.76 | 83.67±9.52 | 6.35±14.64 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Female | Physical Activity (MET) | 32.88±2.97 | 30.29±3.32 | 2.59±4.04 P-value= 0.000 | 33.25±2.94 | 27.68±3.05* | 5.57±3.99 * P-value= 0.000 |
| Weight (kg) | 75.54±6.45 | 72.19±6.88 | 3.35±9.34 P-value= 0.001 | 74.78±5.44 | 67.22±5.95* | 7.56±8.1 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| BMI | 27.81±2.98 | 26.03±2.47 | 1.78±3.87 P-value= 0.000 | 28.38±2.81 | 25.02±2.15* | 3.36±3.46 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 100.4±7.73 | 101.6±8.53 | -1.2±11.46 P-value= 0.298 | 100.39±7.79 | 110.47±6.64* | -10.07±9.24 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 6.73±1.93 | 6.79±2.97 | -0.06±3.72 P-value= 0.871 | 6.98±1.91 | 10.35±2.75* | -3.37±3.49 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| HOMA-IR | 0.85±0.28 | 0.79±0.2 | 0.06±0.36 P-value= 0.090 | 0.91±0.25 | 1.23±0.33* | -0.32±0.41 * P-value= 0.000 | |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2213.58±194.15 | 1890.22±206.24 | 323.35±289.26 P-value= 0.000 | 2198.43±162.92 | 1892.08±209.14 | 306.35±236.35 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Carbohydrate intake (g) | 301.02±17.84 | 269.09±17.87 | 31.93±24.76 P-value= 0.000 | 304.92±22.3 | 267.32±19.78 | 37.6±28.64 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Fat intake (g) | 84.42±8.54 | 79.12±10.56 | 5.29±14.79 P-value= 0.001 | 84.78±8.81 | 77.04±10.42 | 7.74±13.7 P-value= 0.000 | |
| Protein intake (g) | 90.62±11.09 | 84.13±7.72 | 6.49±12.5 P-value= 0.000 | 90.99±9.54 | 83.9±8.42 | 7.09±12.43 P-value= 0.000 | |