Figure 1.

Vitamin D3 binding sites and signaling pathways. 1,25(OH)2D3—active form of vitamin D3; CAMK2g—g subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2; CAV-1—caveolin-1; L-VGCC—L-type voltage-gated calcium channel; MAPK—Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase; PDIA3—protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3; PI3-K—Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; PKA—Protein Kinase A; PKC—Protein Kinase C; PLA2—Phospholipase A2; PLC—Phospholipase C; RXR—retinoid X receptors; SSH—sonic hedgehog; Wnt5a—ligand activating β-catenin-independent pathways; VDR—vitamin D receptor; VDRE—vitamin D response element.