AJ	adherens junction
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
ApoE	apolipoprotein E
ARE	antioxidant response element
BBB	blood–brain barrier
bEnd.3	murine brain endothelial cell line
COX2	cyclooxygenase 2
CNS	central nervous system
ERK1/2	extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2
GCLC	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
GCLM	glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit
GJ	gap junctions
GPR	G protein-coupled receptor
HAT	histone acetylase
HDAC	histone deacetylase
hCMEC/D3	human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line
H3K9/14	histone
H3	acetylated in lysine 9/14
HO-1	heme oxygenase 1
i.g.	intragastrically
IL-1β	interleukin 1-β
iNOS	inducible NO-synthase
i.p.	intraperitoneally
JAM	junction adhesion molecule
JNK1/2	C-Jun N-terminal kinase
Keap1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
NF- κB	nuclear factor kappa B
Nlrp3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3
NQO1	NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1
Nrf2	nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2
NVU	neurovascular unit
MCAO	middle cerebral artery occlusion
MCT	monocarboxylate transporter
MMP	metalloproteinase
PPARγ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
SB	sodium butyrate
SCFA	short-chain fatty acid
SOD1	superoxide dismutase 1
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
TEER	transendothelial electrical resistance
TJ	tight junction
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor alpha
ZO	zonula occludens