Table 1.

Expression sites, functions and ligands of PPARs.

PPARs	Expression Sites	Functions	Natural Ligands	Synthetic Ligands
PPARα	Liver, Heart, Intestine, Kidneys, Skeletal muscles, Brown adipose tissue	Fatty acid metabolism	Unsaturated fatty acids Leukotrienes Eicosatetraenoic acids	Fibrates
PPARβ/δ	Ubiquitously	Fatty acid oxidation, Blood cholesterol and glucose level regulation	Unsaturated fatty acids Prostacyclins Very low-density lipoproteins	GW501516
PPARγ	Adipocytes	Adipogenesis, Lipid biosynthesis, Lipoprotein metabolism, Insulin sensitivity	Unsaturated fatty acids Eicosatetraenoic acids Octadecadienoic acids Prostaglandins	(Non-)Thiazolidinedioneinsulin sensitizers Angiotensin II receptor antagonists Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Synthetic cannabinoids