Table 1.
Summary of current clinical studies on surgical treatment comparison in pediatric glaucoma.
| First Author (Year) | Glaucoma Type | Study Design | Surgical Treatments | Sample Size | Main Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lawrence et al. (2012) [103] |
PG | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: Trabeculectomy Group 2: Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy |
40 eyes in 33 patients. Group 1: 17 eyes Group 2: 23 eyes |
Group 2 had greater long-term success. |
| Eldaly et al. (2014) [104] |
PCG | Prospective, comparative | Group 1: Pneumatic trabecular bypass (PTB) Group 2: Conventional trabeculotomy |
42 eyes of 42 patients. Group 1: 17 eyes Group 2: 25 eyes |
PTB had a greater total cumulative chance for success than group 2 (88.2% vs. 56% respectively). |
| Temkar et al. (2015) [105] |
PCG | Prospective, randomized | Group 1: Illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy Group 2: Combined mitomycin C-augmented trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy |
60 eyes of 30 patients with bilateral PCG aged ≤ 2 years. Group 1: 30 eyes Group 2: 30 eyes |
The two groups achieved comparable surgical outcomes. |
| Lim et al. (2015) [106] |
PG | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: 360-degree circumferential trabeculotomy Group 2: Traditional trabeculotomy (<360 degrees or partial) |
91 eyes of 66 patients. Group 1: 14 eyes Group 2: 77 eyes |
Group 1 had a higher surgical success rate than group 2 at 1-year (85.71% vs. 58.44%, respectively). |
| Shakrawal et al. (2017) [107] |
PCG | Prospective, randomized | Group 1: Illuminated-Microcatheter Circumferential Trabeculotomy Group 2: Conventional partial trabeculotomy |
40 eyes of 31 patients aged ≤ 2 years. Group 1: 20 eyes Group 2: 20 eyes |
Group 1 performed better than group 2 at 1 year follow-up. |
| Abdelrahman et al. (2018) [108] |
Refractory glaucoma | Prospective, comparative | Group 1: Micropulse cyclophotocoagulation Group 2: Transscleral continuous wave cyclophotocoagulation |
45 eyes of 36 patients. Group 1: 17 eyes Group 2: 28 eyes |
Group 1 had a higher success rate was higher (71% vs. 46% in group 2) although the difference was not significant (p = 0.1). Group 1 had lower rate of complications, pain, and inflammation. |
| El Sayed et al. (2018) [109] |
PCG | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: Microcatheter-assisted trabeculotomy Group 2: 2-site circumferential trabeculotomy using the rigid probe trabeculotome |
92 eyes of 92 patients. Group 1: 33 eyes Group 2: 59 eyes |
The two groups had comparable results. However, the added cost of the microcatheter in group 1 should be considered. |
| Elwehidy (2019) [110] |
Refractory Glaucoma with failed AGV | Prospective, randomized | Group 1: Ahmed glaucoma valve revision Group 2: Visco-trabeculotomy (VT) |
41 eyes of 41 patients. Group 1: 19 eyes Group 2: 22 eyes |
VT had a higher success rate and a decrease in IOP-lowering medication use. |
| Elhofi (2020) [111] |
PCG | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy Group 2: Trabeculectomy |
80 eyes of 80 patients aged < 3 years. Group 1: 40 eyes Group 2: 40 eyes |
Group 1 had fewer postoperative complications with a comparative postoperative IOP reduction and overall success rates. |
| Puthuran (2021) [112] |
Refractory glaucoma | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) placed in the superotemporal quadrant Group 2: AADI placed in the inferonasal quadrant |
144 eyes of 144 patients. Group 1: 96 eyes Group 2: 48 eyes |
Group 1 had better IOP-related outcomes and is a safer surgical option in pediatric eyes. |
| Qiao (2021) [113] |
Uncontrolled JOAG | Retrospective, comparative | Group 1: Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) Group 2: Kahook dual blade excisional goniotomy |
46 eyes of 43 patients. Group 1: 36 eyes Group 2: 10 eyes |
GATT was preferred in medical uncontrolled surgery-naïve JOAG eyes. |
| Elwehidy (2022) [114] |
PCG | Prospective, randomized | Group 1: Visco-circumferential-suture-trabeculotomy (VCST) Group 2: Rigid probe visco-trabeculotomy |
84 eyes of 49 patients Group 1: 40 eyes Group 2: 44 eyes |
Group 1 provided a marginal advantage over group 2. |
Abbreviations: PG: pediatric glaucoma; PCG: primary congenital glaucoma; JOAG: juvenile open-angle glaucoma.