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. 2023 Feb 10;14:1106537. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106537

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Copyright © 2023 Clarke, Du, Kumar, Okitsu, Schuette, An, Zhang, Tzvetkov, Jensen, Niewold, Ferre, Nardone, Lionakis, Vlach, DeMartino and Bender

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ProtoArray analysis of autoimmune patients reveals that autoantibody repertoires differ in the number of reactivities and their clonality between diseases. Plasma samples from patients and HCs were tested using the human ProtoArray covering 9483 proteins for IgG reactivity. Z scores were calculated to quantify reactivity for patients versus the HC group. (A) The median number of reactivities above a Z score threshold ranging from 1 to 10 were plotted for each group. (B) The number of reactivities with a median Z score >5 are plotted for each group. (C) The median Z score is plotted for each subject and also (D) for only reactivities with a Z score >5. (E) The top 4000 reactivities for each group are plotted ranked by highest Z score with the Z score for each reactivity on the Y axis. (F) A PCA plot was constructed of all subjects based on the ProtoArray data. (**significantly different from HC ANOVA p<0.01). HCs, healthy controls; IgG, immunoglobulin G; PCA, principal component analysis.