Table 2.

Publications showing the results of using probiotics for IBD in human models.

Ref.	Numbers of Patients	Disease	Probiotic Strains	CFU/Dose, Duration	Effects
[39]	187 adults	UC	LGG	18 × 109 CFU, 12 m	LGG treatment is more efficient than standard treatment in extending relapse-free time.
[40]	4 children	CD	LGG	1010 CFU, twice a day, 6 m	The median activity index of children with CD at 4 weeks was 73% lower than at baseline.
[41]	11 adults	CD	LGG	2 × 109 CFU, daily, 6 m	The median time to relapse was on average 4 weeks longer in the LGG group than in the placebo group.
[42]	14 children	CD	LGG	1010 CFU, twice a day, 10 d	Oral administration of LGG increased the intestinal IgA immune response, thus promoting the intestinal immune barrier.
[43]	37 adults	CD	LGG	6 × 109 CFU, twice a day, 52 w	LGG appears to neither prevent one-year endoscopic recurrence nor reduce the severity of recurrent disease.
[44]	117 adults	CD&UC	LGG	1.4 × 1010 CFU, daily, 52 w	Patients taking daily LGG had a lower frequency of first postoperative inflammatory bowel disease complications.