Table 1.

Technical data of the PEF-EX-1900 batch system (Xi-nan Technology Company, China).

Parameters	Specifications
Input power supply voltage	220 V, 50 Hz
Adjustable discharge mode	Direct high-voltage rapid discharge.
Output maximum discharge voltage	0–20 kV/cm
Electrodes	Stainless steel, parallel plate, 200 × 200 mm
Electrode gap	0–10 cm, adjustable distance.
Treatment chamber material	Plexiglass
Output Power	≥500 W
Output frequency	0–1.5 Hz (the higher the voltage, the longer the charging time, and then the lower the frequency)
Processing chamber volume	Configuration: 100 mL, 400 mL, and 700 mL, three kinds of containers.
Pulse shape	Exponential decay pulses, monopolar
System capacity	1 μF