Table 3.
Free amino acid contents of chicken breast influenced by different pulsed electric field treatments.
| FAAs Type (ng/20 µL) | Control | LPEF-25 | LPEF-50 | LPEF-100 | HPEF-25 | HPEF-50 | HPEF-100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umami taste FAAs | |||||||
| Aspartic acid | 454.07 ± 4.73 ab | 434.97 ± 0.93 b | 552.2 ± 1.33 a | 513.8 ± 10.2 ab | 525.1 ± 28 ab | 436.1 ± 5.92 ab | 462.7 ± 45.7 ab |
| Glutamic acid | 875.5 ± 5.59 d | 1219.7 ± 2.87 a | 1130.4 ± 5.81 ab | 951.1 ± 19.3 cd | 1047.7 ± 57.6 bc | 945.4 ± 6.55 cd | 1031.3 ± 3.09 bc |
| Sweet taste FAAs | |||||||
| Threonine | 443.2 ± 10.7 c | 379.6 ± 8.52 d | 478.7 ± 6.49 abc | 465.1 ± 14.4 bc | 504.7 ± 18 ab | 508.02 ± 1.97 ab | 531.4 ± 2.2 a |
| Serine | 468.6 ± 1.05 c | 491.3 ± 1.21 bc | 512.8 ± 3.05 b | 500 ± 11.8 b | 507.1 ± 4.41 b | 516.99 ± 1.58 b | 565.5 ± 4.2 a |
| Glycine | 400.2 ± 1.54 ab | 371.3 ± 0.63 ab | 414.9 ± 2.4 ab | 409.5 ± 8.26 ab | 439.8 ± 19 a | 358.7 ± 1.24 b | 425.3 ± 25.3 ab |
| Alanine | 717.7 ± 4.59 a | 577 ± 136 a | 732.4 ± 3.79 a | 726.8 ± 16.4 a | 838.6 ± 23.4 a | 762.8 ± 9.8 a | 848.8 ± 4.68 a |
| Bitter taste FAAs | |||||||
| Isoleucine | 248.7 ± 2.16 ab | 229.7 ± 0.39 b | 288.8 ± 1.31 a | 274.1 ± 6.1 a | 291.6 ± 7.02 a | 254.9 ± 2.36 ab | 264.9 ± 18 ab |
| Leucine | 472.5 ± 3.21 cd | 443 ± 0.32 d | 544.7 ± 3.02 ab | 511 ± 11.5 bc | 559.5 ± 2.03 a | 523.6 ± 6.95 ab | 522.2 ± 14.2 ab |
| Tyrosine | 294.6 ± 3.26 b | 274.7 ± 0.18 b | 338.1 ± 0.9 a | 339.03 ± 9.06 a | 353.2 ± 5.16 a | 340.02 ± 0.45 a | 348.09 ± 4.35 a |
| Phenylalanine | 967.8 ± 4.87 a | 151.4 ± 2.4 c | 208.3 ± 0.49 bc | 262.7 ± 8.59 bc | 309.5 ± 38.4 b | 169.6 ± 6.86 c | 241.4 ± 44.3 bc |
| Histidine | 296.7 ± 2.56 b | 297.98 ± 0.62 b | 382.4 ± 0.15 b | 378.2 ± 7.45 b | 407.8 ± 44 b | 808.1 ± 34.6 a | 507 ± 156 ab |
| Bitter/sweet/sulfurous taste FAAs | |||||||
| Cysteine | 25.8 ± 0.18 a | 19.5 ± 0.24 ab | 18.6 ± 0.06 ab | 19.7 ± 0.24 ab | 14.3 ± 4.48 ab | 11.5 ± 0.12 b | 18.1 ± 3.33 ab |
| Valine | 355.98 ± 2.11 bc | 331.9 ± 0.58 c | 407.4 ± 2.22 ab | 384.97 ± 8.02 abc | 416.5 ± 1.7 a | 349.5 ± 0.52 c | 378.8 ± 24.1 abc |
| Methionine | 200.6 ± 1.57 de | 195.08 ± 0.52 e | 229.6 ± 1.19 ab | 213.4 ± 4.03 cd | 224.9 ± 4.1 abc | 217.5 ± 1.94 bc | 233.6 ± 0.59 a |
| Lysine | 377.3 ± 8.55 b | 334.6 ± 5.19 b | 401.8 ± 4.9 b | 505.3 ± 6.87 a | 417.8 ± 29.4 a | 342.5 ± 5.26 b | 374.9 ± 33.8 b |
| Arginine | 467.7 ± 3.31 ab | 432.6 ± 0.26 b | 493.6 ± 2.18 ab | 521.5 ± 11.8 a | 497.2 ± 5.23 ab | 460.2 ± 4.35 ab | 490.4 ± 32.9 ab |
| Proline | 271.9 ± 16.5 a | 225.5 ± 0.86 a | 260.36 ± 1.73 a | 277.51 ± 7.14 a | 333 ± 44.1 a | 364.7 ± 16.2 a | 317.7 ± 54.8 a |
| Total FAAs | 7338.9 | 6410.3 | 7395.3 | 7253.8 | 7688.3 | 7370.4 | 7562.2 |
The values are the predicted means ± SEM. a–e Mean values within the same rows with different superscripts are significantly different among treatments (p < 0.05).