Table 1.
The clinical characteristics of patients with a documented MDR-AB infection with or without a coexistent COVID-19 infection.
| Variables | Non-COVID-19 n = 52 |
COVID-19 n = 118 |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 66.77 ± 20.96 | 60.97 ± 16.32 | 0.0525 |
| Gender | 0.474 | ||
| Female (F) | 16 (30.77%) | 43 (36.44%) | |
| Male (M) | 36 (69.23%) | 75 (63.56) | |
| Body mass index (n = 160) | 27.03 ± 7.34 | 29.67 ± 7.18 | 0.0429 |
| Body mass index category | 0.025 | ||
| Underweight or normal | 16 (38.10%) | 21 (17.80%) | |
| Overweight | 13 (30.95%) | 54 (45.76%) | |
| Obese | 13 (30.95%) | 43 (36.44%) | |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0%) | 5 (4.24%) | 0.132 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| More than two comorbidities | 23 (44.23%) | 23 (19.49%) | 0.001 |
| Heart failure | 6 (11.54%) | 6 (5.08%) | 0.130 |
| Hypertension | 35 (67.31%) | 77 (65.25%) | 0.795 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (DM) | 34 (65.38%) | 82 (69.49%) | 0.596 |
| Chronic kidney disease (CKD) | 12 (23.08%) | 25 (21.19%) | 0.783 |
| Chronic liver disease (CLD) | 4 (7.69%) | 3 (2.54%) | 0.119 |
| Asthma | 5 (7.69%) | 4 (3.39%) | 0.222 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
16 (30.77%) | 1 (0.85%) | 0.0001 |
| Malignancy | 4 (7.69%) | 3 (2.54%) | 0.119 |
| Clinical features | |||
| SOFA at time of admission | 6.13 ± 3.69 | 4.63 ± 4.16 | 0.0258 |
| SOFA at positive culture time | 14.23 ± 7.08 | 13.69 ± 6.32 | 0.5998 |
| Abnormal WBC count | 28 (53.85%) | 75 (63.56%) | 0.232 |
| Platelet count (×106) | 145.73 ± 133.06 | 154.56 ± 116.85 | 0.6643 |
| Abnormal CRP | 50 (96.15%) | 114 (96.61%) | 0.882 |
| Serum lactate > 2 mmol/L | 36 (69.23%) | 94 (79.66%) | 0.140 |
| Bloodstream infection | 27 (51.92%) | 75 (63.56%) | 0.154 |
| Intravascular device | 45 (86.54%) | 115 (97.46%) | 0.005 |
| Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) | 14 (26.92%) | 27 (22.88%) | 0.570 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) | 0 (0%) | 5 (4.24%) | 0.132 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 40 (76.92%) | 116 (98.31%) | 0.0001 |
| Septic shock | 43 (82.69%) | 114 (96.61%) | 0.002 |
| Outcomes and therapy | |||
| Steroid therapy | 37 (71.15%) | 117 (99.15%) | 0.0001 |
| Tocilizumab | 0 (0%) | 39 (33.05%) | 0.0001 |
| Transfer to ICU | 1.69 ± 4.64 | 2.58 ± 4.72 | 0.2594 |
| Length of ICU-stay | 28.33 ± 19.63 | 21.2 ± 11.98 | 0.0042 |
| Length of hospitalization | 29.35 ± 19.71 | 23.81 ± 15.67 | 0.0522 |
| Discharge status | 0.005 | ||
| Discharged | 9 (17.31%) | 24 (20.34%) | |
| Transferred for other hospitals | 6 (11.54%) | 1 (0.85%) | |
| Died | 37 (71.15%) | 93 (78.81%) | |
| Mortality at 30 days | 26 (50.00%) | 75 (63.56) | 0.097 |
| Mortality more than 30 days (overall inpatient mortality) |
37 (71.15%) | 93 (78.81%) | 0.489 |
SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment, WBCs: white blood cells, CRP: C-reactive protein, and ICU: intensive care unit.