ART	Assisted reproductive techniques
CPC	Central pair complex
CBF	Ciliary beat frequency
CP	Connecting piece
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
DC	Distal centriole
DA	Dynein arms
DNAAFs	Dynein axonemal assembly factors
DRC	Dynein regulatory complex
DFS	Dysplasia of FS
EP	Endpiece
FS	Fibrous sheath
iPSC	Induced pluripotent stem cells
IDA	Inner dynein arms
ICSI	Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
IFT	Intraflagellar transport
IMT	Intramanchette transport
MP	Midpiece
ODF	Outer dense fibers
ODA	Outer dynein arms
PP	Principal piece
PKA	Protein kinase A
AKAP	Protein kinase A-anchoring protein
PC	Proximal centriole
RS	Radial spokes
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RSP	RS proteins
SEPT	Septins
NHEs	Sodium–hydrogen exchangers
sAC	Soluble adenylyl cyclase
SDH	Succinate dehydrogenase
TAILS	Tail axoneme intra-lumenal spiral