Table 6.
Natural polymers used to fabricate scaffolds for various tissue regeneration applications.
| Natural Polymer Used and Reference | Fabrication Technique | Cell Type | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cellulose and starch [240] |
Selective laser sintering | - | Drug delivery and tissue engineering |
| Alginate [241] |
Freeze drying | MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell line | Bone tissue engineering |
| Chitin and chondroitin sulphate [242] |
Freeze drying | Human dermal fibroblast | Skin tissue engineering |
| Hyaluronic acid and collagen [243] |
Electrospinning | Schwann cells | Nerve regeneration |
| Collagen [244] |
Electrospinning followed by cross-linking |
H9C2 cell line from embryonic rat heart tissue | Cardiac cell therapy |
| Chitosan [245] |
Stereolithography | Human mesenchymal stem cells | Cartilage tissue engineering |
| Fibrin and chitosan [246] |
Electrospinning | MG-63 cell line | Bone tissue engineering |
| Silk fibroin [247] |
3D printing | Human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) | Tracheal epithelial regeneration |
| Gelatin [248] |
3D printing | MG-63 cell line | Hard tissue regeneration |
| Chitosan [249] |
Thermal-induced phase separation |
Mouse bone marrow stromal cells |
Bone tissue engineering |
| Corn starch [250] |
Solvent casting and particulate leaching |
- | Bone tissue engineering |
| Keratin [251] |
Electrospinning | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells | Vascular tissue engineering |
| Silk fibroin [252] |
Freeze drying | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells | Skin tissue engineering |
| Elastin [253] |
Electrospinning | MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line | Bone tissue engineering |