Extended Data Table 1.
Comparison of methods and outcome for UB organoid derivation methods.
| Publication | Origin | Differentiation Methods | UB Properties | CD Differentiation | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Source | Species | Direct? | Selection (Efficiency) | Morphology | Branching (Bifurcation) | Distal tip RET | Fetal Kidney Interaction | Principal Cell Identity | PC Function | IC Function | |
| This study | PSC | human | Yes | None (~90%) | Tip-Stalk | Yes | +++ | Yes | AQP2 (IF, qPCR, scRNA) ENaC(IF, qPCR, scRNA) | +++ | +++ |
| Taguchi6 | PSC | mouse | Yes | FACSa (<50%) | Tip-Stalk | Yes | + | Yes | n.d. | None | None |
| PSC | human | Yes | FACSa (<50%) | Tip-Stalk | +/− (slow growth) | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | None | None | |
| Kuraoka7 | PSC | human | Yes | FACSa (<50%) | Tip-Stalk | +/− (slow growth) | +++ | n.d. | AQP2 (IF, qPCR) | None | None |
| Zeng8 | Primary | mouse | n/a | n/a | Tip-Stalk | Yes | +++ | Yes | AQP2 (IF, qPCR) | None | None |
| Primary | human | n/a | n/a | Diffuse growth | No | n.d. | n.d. | AQP2 (qPCR) | None | None | |
| PSC | human | Yes | FACSb (55%) | Diffuse growth | No | − | n.d. | AQP2 (qPCR) AQP3 (IF, qPCR) | None | None | |
| Mae9 | PSC | human | Yes | none | Diffuse Some tip-stalk | +/− | + | n.d. | AQP2 (IF, qPCR) | None | None |
| Howden10 | PSC | human | Noc | from organoid | Diffuse growth | No | n.d. | Yes | Weak AQP2 (scRNA) | None | None |
*
Human PSC-based protocos highlighted in blue.
a
KIT/CXCR4-positive cells.
b
KIT-positive cells.
c
Derived indirectly from metanephric-like kidney organoids.